Abstract
AML-1129: Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Outcomes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Among Adolescent and Young Adult Patients: Insights From the SEER Database
Clinical lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia, Vol.25(Suppl. 1), pp.S487-S488
09/2025
DOI: 10.1016/S2152-2650(25)01783-5
Abstract
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients (ages 15–39 years) who are diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represent a distinct population due to their unique characteristics. With the ever-growing data from cytogenetics/molecular studies and more discoveries of underlying pathogenesis, including hereditarysusceptibility conditions, the outcomes of AML in this age group can vary significantly among patients of different ethnic backgrounds. Access to medical care and rate of response to conventional therapeutic options may also add to the difference in overall survival, and we therefore sought to evaluate the incidence and outcomes of AYA patients diagnosed with AML stratified by race and ethnicity through large population-based data.
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Research Plus database (22 registries, 2000–2021). AYA patients aged 15–39 years diagnosed with AML were included. Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were calculated using SEER*Stat version 8.4.4. Survival analysis, including Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models, was performed using R version 4.3.2.
Among 11,553 identified cases of AYA AML (50% male), the racial and ethnic composition was 47.5% White, 12.2% Black, 30.2% Hispanic, 9.3% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 0.7% American Indian/Alaska Native. From 2000 to 2021, the overall age-adjusted incidence rose from 1.15 to 1.35 per 100,000 person-years, while mortality increased from 0.25 to 0.41 per 100,000. In multivariable analyses, Black patients exhibited the highest risk of death (adjusted HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.14–1.37; P < 0.001) compared with White patients.
Our findings demonstrate an increasing trend in both incidence and mortality of AML among AYA patients over the past two decades. Notably, Black individuals face significantly higher mortality compared with their White counterparts. These disparities highlight the urgent need for targeted outreach, improved access to early diagnosis and optimal therapies, and initiatives addressing social determinants of health. Future research should focus on identifying underlying drivers of these inequities and evaluating tailored interventions to improve outcomes in these AYA populations.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- AML-1129: Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Outcomes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Among Adolescent and Young Adult Patients: Insights From the SEER Database
- Creators
- Chalothorn Wannaphut - University of Hawaii SystemKittika Poonsombudlert - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Abstract
- Publication Details
- Clinical lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia, Vol.25(Suppl. 1), pp.S487-S488
- DOI
- 10.1016/S2152-2650(25)01783-5
- ISSN
- 2152-2650
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/2025
- Academic Unit
- Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984949522002771
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