Dietary Supplement Use Is Associated With Serum Nutrient Biomarkers Among Postmenopausal Women: Results From a Controlled Feeding Study

Hannah T Baillie; Lesley F Tinker; Peng An; Theodore M Brasky; Simin Liu; JoAnn E Manson; Linda Snetselaar; Fred K Tabung; Johanna W Lampe; Marian L Neuhouser

doi:10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107010

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Dietary Supplement Use Is Associated With Serum Nutrient Biomarkers Among Postmenopausal Women: Results From a Controlled Feeding Study

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Dietary Supplement Use Is Associated With Serum Nutrient Biomarkers Among Postmenopausal Women: Results From a Controlled Feeding Study

Hannah T Baillie, Lesley F Tinker, Peng An, Theodore M Brasky, Simin Liu, JoAnn E Manson, Linda Snetselaar, Fred K Tabung, Johanna W Lampe and Marian L Neuhouser

Current developments in nutrition, Vol.9(Supplement 2), 107010

05/01/2025

DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107010

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Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine whether users of dietary supplements had higher serum concentrations of corresponding biomarkers and determine whether those using multiple sources of the nutrient as dietary supplements had incrementally higher serum nutrient concentrations. Methods: Participants from the Women’s Health Initiative were enrolled in a 2-week controlled feeding study (n = 153) aimed at discovering robust and novel biomarkers of dietary intake. Women consumed an individualized menu of habitual diet and maintained intake of usual dietary supplements. Serum vitamin B12, lutein + zeaxanthin, and phospholipid fatty acids were measured at the end of the 2-week feeding period. Multiple linear regression of dietary supplement use, and participant characteristics on log-transformed serum biomarker concentrations was used to evaluate the association. One-way analysis of variance determined whether there were significant differences in mean serum biomarkers based on the number of sources of a nutrient consumed via dietary supplement. Results: In multiple linear regression models (n = 152), users of any source of vitamin B12 from dietary supplements had geometric mean serum concentration of vitamin B12 that were 58% higher than non-users (p < 0.001). Users of fish or flaxseed oil had geometric mean serum phospholipid DHA+EPA that were 38-46% higher than non-users (p < 0.0001). Use of lutein + zeaxanthin containing dietary supplements was not associated with serum lutein + zeaxanthin (p = 0.72). Users of two sources of a vitamin B12 containing dietary supplement and two sources of a lutein + zeaxanthin containing dietary supplement had higher serum biomarkers than users of only a multivitamin containing vitamin B12 and lutein + zeaxanthin and users of neither (p < 0.0001 for both). Conclusions: The use of vitamin B12 containing dietary supplements and omega-3 fatty acid containing dietary supplements was associated with higher serum biomarkers among postmenopausal women.

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Title: Subtitle: Dietary Supplement Use Is Associated With Serum Nutrient Biomarkers Among Postmenopausal Women: Results From a Controlled Feeding Study
Creators: Hannah T Baillie - University of Washington
Lesley F Tinker - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Peng An - China Agricultural University, China (People's Republic)
Theodore M Brasky - The Ohio State University
Simin Liu - University of California, Irvine
JoAnn E Manson - Brigham and Women's Hospital
Linda Snetselaar - University of Iowa
Fred K Tabung - The Ohio State University
Johanna W Lampe - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Marian L Neuhouser - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Resource Type: Abstract
Publication Details: Current developments in nutrition, Vol.9(Supplement 2), 107010
DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107010
eISSN: 2475-2991
Publisher: Elsevier
Language: English
Date published: 05/01/2025
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984826340402771

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