Abstract
Heart Failure And Pneumonia A Deadly Combination In Aging Populations A 22 Year US Mortality Analysis Using Cdc Wonder
Journal of cardiac failure, Vol.32(1), pp.259-260
01/2026
DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.11.218
Abstract
Background
As the global population continues to age, it is becoming increasingly important to understand how pneumonia and heart failure interact with one another. This study examines the mortality rates associated with pneumonia and heart failure (HF) in the United States over a 22-year period from 1999 to 2020 using data from the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER). By looking at mortality trends, this study aims to identify the underlying risks and contributing factors that make this combination particularly deadly for the elderly.
Methods
Death certificates from the CDC WONDER database were examined from 1999 to 2020 to analyse mortality trends due to HF and Pneumonia. The annual percent change (APC) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 people were computed and stratified by gender, race, region and urbanization in people over 45 years older. Trends were evaluated using join point regression analysis and P values less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant The ICD codes for HF was 150 (150.0, 150.1, 150.9) and for pneumonia it was J (J12 to J15 andJ18).
Results
Our analysis showed that there were total 532,937 deaths with overall AAMR of 20.72 (95% CI:20.66-20.78). Males had 240,703 deaths (AAMR 24.56), whereas females had 292,234 deaths(AAMR 18.17). White people had the highest mortality among all races (AAMR 21.21),followed by Black or African Americans (AAMR 18.16), American Indian or Alaska Natives(AAMR 17.38), and Asian or Pacific Islanders (AAMR 11.90). Furthermore, there were 24,885deaths among Hispanics (AAMR 15.03) as opposed to 506,964 deaths among non-Hispanics(AAMR 21.03). The Midwest had the highest AAMR (22.54) among all regions, followed by theNortheast (19.55), the West (19.75), and the South (20.65). Non-metropolitan areas showed the highest mortality rate with an AAMR of 30.36 while among metropolitan areas, micropolitan areas had the highest AAMR of 25.89.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the data clearly show differences by gender, race, region, and urbanization. Mortality is higher among men, and it is particularly prevalent in non-metropolitan areas. White people have the highest mortality among all races. This main purpose is to explore the pattern sand trends of mortality in order to identify high-risk populations for targeted interventions and improving healthcare.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Heart Failure And Pneumonia A Deadly Combination In Aging Populations A 22 Year US Mortality Analysis Using Cdc Wonder
- Creators
- Ishtiaq Ahmad - Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterRahul Patel - J. Iverson Riddle Developmental CenterMuhammad Usman Haider - Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterMian Zahid Jan Kakakhel - Khyber Medical CollegeSyed Muhammed Salman HassanMishaim Khan - CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of DentistryZaryab Bacha - Khyber Medical UniversitySaman Javid - ClariantAbdullah Afridi - Khyber Medical CollegeHamna Jawad - Khyber Medical CollegeSara Humayun - Wilkes UniversityZaraq Khan - Vincennes University
- Resource Type
- Abstract
- Publication Details
- Journal of cardiac failure, Vol.32(1), pp.259-260
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.11.218
- ISSN
- 1071-9164
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2026
- Academic Unit
- Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9985129653602771
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