Abstract
Real World (RW) Outcomes and Prognostication of Older Patients with Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) in the Contemporary Era
Blood, Vol.136(Supplement 1), pp.24-26
11/05/2020
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2020-136551
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment of older patients (pts) with PCNSL is challenging due to the prevalence of comorbidities, frailty, and complexities with delivery of chemotherapy (CT). The optimal induction CT and consolidation regimens for older PCNSL pts is unknown. Moreover, there are few large scale prognostication studies available, including analysis of geriatric assessments (GA). We analyzed detailed characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes with prognostication across 17 academic centers.
Methods: We conducted a large, RW retrospective study of newly diagnosed PCNSL pts (1/2008-1/2019) ages ≥ 60 years (yrs). Survival rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier with differences assessed by log rank test. We detailed Cumulative Index Rating Scale-Geriatric (CIRS-G) scores & other GAs. Univariate associations were derived via Cox model with variables p<0.05 entered stepwise into a multivariate (MVA) model.
Results: Among 491 initial cases, n=450 cases were verified for diagnosis & follow-up. Clinical features included: median age 71 yrs (60-88); male 47%; elevated LDH 30%; creatinine clearance <60 ml/min in 20% (median 81 ml/min); hemoglobin <10 g/dL in 8%; and albumin <3.5 g/dL in 35%. 21% of pts had prior or concurrent malignancy and 7% had history of solid organ transplant or autoimmune disease. Histology was DLBCL in 96% (COO non-GC in 76%) with CD20 expression seen in 98%. Immunohistochemistry showed MYC & BCL2 double expression in 40%; EBER was noted in 10% of pts (3/4 being PTLD pts). For disease location, brain parenchyma was involved in 94% of pts with 46% having a single site (54% >1 site). Cerebral involvement predominated in 75% with deep structure involvement in 20% & cerebellum in 5%. CSF involvement was documented in 13% of pts (unchecked in 26%). For GA at diagnosis, the median CIRS-G score was 6 (range 0-27) and impaired self-care activities of daily living (ADLs) were noted in 36%. Furthermore, geriatric syndrome (ie, dementia, delirium, depression, and/or falls) was present in 45% of pts.
Induction therapy included CT in 91% of pts (of whom 82% had rituximab (Rtx)) and radiation therapy (RT) in 8%. The most common chemotherapy regimens were: high-dose methotrexate (HD MTX) or HD MTX with Rtx (MR) in 38%; HD MTX/procarbazine/vincristine (MPV) +/- Rtx 30%; HD MTX/temozolomide/Rtx (MTR) 22%; Rtx alone 2%; and HD MTX/cytarabine/thiotepa/Rtx (MATRIX) in 2%. Median MTX dosing for all pts was 3.5 g/m2 (range 1-8 g/m2), and by 3 most common regimens (all g/m2): MTR 5.1; MR 5.4; MPV 3.1 (P<.0001). For response to induction, 60% had complete response (CR), 18% partial response (PR), 6% stable disease & 16% had primary refractory disease. Induction CT was stopped due to toxicity in 21% of pts and the treatment-related mortality was 7%. Among 321 pts with CR or PR, 14% had autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT); 25% received consolidative CT; and 5% had RT. The most common CT maintenance regimens were temozolomide (n=22), lenalidomide (n=20) and HD MTX (n=15). Among pts experiencing relapse or progression, the most common 2nd line therapies were RT (n=40), MTX (n=39), temozolomide (n=14) and MTR (n=10); 2 pts ultimately went on to receive ASCT.
With 42 month median follow-up (1-125), 3-yr PFS & OS for all pts were 38% & 52%, respectively (Fig 1A/1B). On MVA, factors associated with inferior PFS were: advancing age (continuous HR 1.05, P<.001); anemia (HR 1.14, P=.0035); high CIRS-G (HR 1.038, P=0.017) and geriatric syndrome (HR 1.537, P=.0098) (Fig 1C); and for inferior OS: advancing age (continuous HR 1.04, P=.01); low albumin (HR 2.203, P<.001); high CIRS-G (HR 1.053, P=.011); and geriatric syndrome (HR 1.851, P=.005) (Fig 1D). Among all pts, increasing HD MTX dosing in 500 mg/m2 increments was associated with improved PFS (HR 0.958, P=.0002) & OS (HR 0.954, P=.001); and pts treated with MTR had improved PFS & OS vs MPV or MR (Fig 1E /1F). The favorable effect of MTR vs MR persisted when controlling for age, CIRS-G & geriatric syndrome. Additionally, use of Rtx was associated with improved outcomes (PFS HR 0.592, P<.0001; OS HR 0.528, P<0.0001). Finally, pts achieving CR had significantly improved survival (Fig 1G/1H).
Conclusions: Older pts with PCNSL have suboptimal outcomes, with 2/3 progressing in the first several years. GA is an important prognostic tool, and could be used to stratify pts in future investigations. In addition, use of Rtx, increasing MTX dose, and the MTR regimen were associated with improved outcomes.
Disclosures
Reddy: Genentech: Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy; KITE Pharma: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding. Bachanova:Gamida Cell: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; FATE: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding. Bond:Seattle Genetics: Honoraria. Goldlust:COTA: Other; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel; Tocagen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel; Novocure: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Boston Biomedical: Consultancy; Cortice Bio: Consultancy, Other: travel; WEX: Consultancy, Other: travel. Spurgeon:Beigene: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Genmab: Research Funding; VelosBio: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cardinal Health: Honoraria; Verastem: Research Funding. Epperla:Verastem Oncology: Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria. Karmali:Takeda: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau; BeiGene: Speakers Bureau; BMS/Celgene/Juno: Honoraria, Other, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gilead/Kite: Honoraria, Other, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Naik:Celgene: Other: advisory board; Sanofi: Other: advisory board. Martin:Celgene: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Sandoz: Consultancy; I-MAB: Consultancy; Teneobio: Consultancy; Beigene: Consultancy; Cellectar: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy; Morphosys: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Research Funding; Regeneron: Consultancy. Smith:Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; FortySeven: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding. Rubenstein:Kymera: Research Funding. Kahl:ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy; Celgene Corporation: Consultancy; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics LLC: Consultancy; Roche Laboratories Inc: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Acerta: Consultancy, Research Funding. Evens:Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Research To Practice: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Mylteni: Consultancy, Honoraria.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Real World (RW) Outcomes and Prognostication of Older Patients with Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) in the Contemporary Era
- Creators
- Kevin A. David - Rutgers, The State University of New JerseySuchitra Sundaram - Roswell Park Cancer InstituteSeo-Hyun Kim - Rush University Medical CenterRyan Vaca - Pennsylvania State UniversityYong Lin - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,Samuel Singer - Hackensack University Medical CenterMary-Kate Malecek - Washington University in St. LouisJordan Carter - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,Adam Zayac - Brown UniversityMyung Sun Kim - University of PortlandNishitha Reddy - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterAlma Habib - University of MinnesotaChristopher Strouse - University of IowaJerome Graber - University of WashingtonVeronika Bachanova - University of MinnesotaMazie Tsang - Hematology/Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, CAAjay Major - University of ChicagoDavid A. Bond - The Ohio State UniversityPrashasti Agrawal - NewYork–Presbyterian HospitalAngel Mier-Hicks - Roswell Park Cancer InstitutePallawi Torka - Roswell Park Cancer InstitutePriya Rajakumar - Rush University Medical CenterParameswaran Venugopal - Rush University Medical CenterMichael Glantz - Pennsylvania State UniversitySamuel Goldlust - Hackensack Meridian HealthRahul Matnani - Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyPallavi Kumar - Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyThomas A Ollila - Brown UniversityJohnny Cai - Oregon Health & Science UniversityStephen E. Spurgeon - Oregon Health & Science UniversityAlex G Sieg - University of IowaJoseph Cleveland - University of California, San FranciscoNarendranath Epperla - The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research InstituteReem Karmali - Northwestern UniversitySeema Naik - Pennsylvania State UniversityPeter Martin - NewYork–Presbyterian HospitalSonali M. Smith - University of ChicagoJames L. Rubenstein - Hematology/Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, CABrad S. Kahl - Washington University in St. LouisAndrew M. Evens - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
- Resource Type
- Abstract
- Publication Details
- Blood, Vol.136(Supplement 1), pp.24-26
- DOI
- 10.1182/blood-2020-136551
- ISSN
- 0006-4971
- eISSN
- 1528-0020
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/05/2020
- Academic Unit
- Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984363268202771
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