Abstract
The optimized HLH inflammatory index: A novel prognostic tool for newly diagnosed patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma—Discovery and validation
Journal of clinical oncology, Vol.43(16_suppl), pp.7073-7073
06/2025
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.7073
Abstract
7073
Background: The Optimized HLH Inflammatory (OHI) index (Zoref-Lorenz et al., Blood , 2022), based on serum soluble CD25 (sCD25) and ferritin, is a prognostic tool identifying inflammation in the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) spectrum and early mortality risk. Prior studies were retrospective and enriched with HLH-suspected cases. We hypothesized that the OHI index would predict outcomes in unselected diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: 670 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients from a prospective cohort (2002–2015) were analyzed: 335 for discovery and 335 for validation. Pre-treatment serum sCD25 and ferritin levels were quantified via ELISA, and we evaluated original thresholds (sCD25 ≥ 3,900 U/mL; ferritin ≥ 1,000 ng/mL) and developed DLBCL-optimized thresholds (using receiver operator curves) for predicting 500-day mortality. We also evaluated event-free survival (EFS), EFS at 24 months (EFS24), and overall survival (OS). Results: The median age was 64, and 51% were male. Using original thresholds, 4.2% (n=14) of patients were OHI+, with a 5.6-fold higher risk of 500-day mortality (95% CI 1.6–17; p<0.001). Optimized thresholds identified 23.6% (n=78) as OHI+ with a 9.2-fold higher 500-day mortality risk (95% CI 4.0–24; p<0.001). Optimized OHI+ also had a higher risk of EFS24 failure and inferior EFS and OS (Table). OHI+ patients had higher rates of B symptoms (35% vs. 20%; p=0.027), elevated LDH (76% vs. 34%; p<0.001), worse performance status (ECOG ≥2: 38% vs. 12%; p<0.001), and advanced-stage disease (Stage IV: 57% vs 38%; p<0.001), though IPI scores (3–5) were not significantly different (44% vs 36%; p=0.28). Adjusting for age and IPI, OHI+ independently predicted 500-day mortality (OR=5.0; CI 1.9–13; p=0.001), EFS24 failure (OR=3.2; CI 1.5–6.5; p=0.0018), and inferior long-term EFS (HR=2.2; CI 1.1–4.3; p=0.030) and OS (HR=2.0; CI 1.0–4.0; p=0.040) at a median follow up of 9.8 years in living patients. In validation, optimized OHI predicted 500-day mortality, EFS24 failure, and long-term OS and EFS (Table). Cytokine profiling revealed elevated inflammatory markers in OHI+ patients, including IL1a (p=0.008), CCL2 (p=0.03), CXCL10 (p<0.001), and CXCL9 (p<0.001), reflecting systemic hyperinflammation. Conclusions: The OHI index is a powerful predictor of early and long-term outcomes in DLBCL patients. Optimized thresholds identify a larger OHI+ group, highlighting hyperinflammation’s critical role in poor outcomes. These findings support its use in routine management and clinical trial design for novel therapies. Odds ratios or hazard ratios and p-values for optimized OHI+ and DLBCL prognosis. Outcome Discovery Validation OR for 500-day mortality 9.2; p<0.001 4.0; p=0.002 OR for EFS24 failure 5.2; p <0.001 6.3; p<0.001 HR for OS 2.3; p<0.001 1.8; p=0.006 HR for EFS 2.4; p<0.001 2.5; p<0.001
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The optimized HLH inflammatory index: A novel prognostic tool for newly diagnosed patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma—Discovery and validation
- Creators
- Adi Zoref Lorenz - Tel Aviv UniversityElliot Cahn - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaEric Mou - University of IowaYucai Wang - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaMatthew John Maurer - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaAndew L. Feldman - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaBrianna J. Negaard - Mayo Clinic in FloridaRaphael Mwangi - Mayo Clinic in FloridaGilad Itchaki - Meir Medical CenterGrzegorz S. Nowakowski - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaThomas Matthew Habermann - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaBrian K. Link - University of IowaStephen M. Ansell - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaAnne Novak - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaGaurav Goyal - University of Alabama at BirminghamThomas E. Witzig - Mayo Clinic in ArizonaJames Robert Cerhan - Mayo ClinicMichael Jordan - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Resource Type
- Abstract
- Publication Details
- Journal of clinical oncology, Vol.43(16_suppl), pp.7073-7073
- DOI
- 10.1200/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.7073
- ISSN
- 0732-183X
- eISSN
- 1527-7755
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 06/2025
- Academic Unit
- Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation; Epidemiology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984843597002771
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