Book chapter
63 - Pleural Disease
Rosen's Emergency Medicine, pp.839-848.e1
Elsevier Inc, Tenth Edition
2023
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-75789-8.00063-3
Abstract
Pleural-based diseases are common causes of chest pain and dyspnea, often lead to emergency department visits, and can range in severity from asymptomatic pleural effusion to life-threatening tension pneumothorax. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of the two most common nontraumatic pleural conditions: spontaneous pneumothorax and pleural effusion. A spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in the absence of any precipitating external factors, such as trauma or thoracic procedures. A spontaneous pneumothorax can be either a primary spontaneous pneumothorax with no clinically apparent underlying pulmonary disease or a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with underlying pulmonary disease. Typical symptoms of both pleural effusion and pneumothorax include chest pain and dyspnea. When history and physical exam suggests a pleural-based disease process, point of care thoracic ultrasound can be used to identify both pneumothorax and pleural effusion with high sensitivity and specificity. Treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax should be determined by the patient symptoms, the size of the pneumothorax, follow-up availability, and presence of underlying lung disease. Treatment of pleural effusion should be guided by the underlying cause and the degree of the patient’s symptoms.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- 63 - Pleural Disease
- Creators
- Alysa S. DavisNicholas M. Mohr
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- Rosen's Emergency Medicine, pp.839-848.e1
- Edition
- Tenth Edition
- DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-323-75789-8.00063-3
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2023
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984295915002771
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