Book chapter
Chapter 27 - Neurological complications of radiation therapy
Neurological Complications of Systemic Cancer and Antineoplastic Therapy, pp.465-477
Elsevier Inc, Second Edition
2022
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821976-8.00002-5
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the main treatment approaches for primary and secondary malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). Prophylactic radiation to the brain or craniospinal axis is also performed in cancers with propensity to spread into the neuraxis, in order to prevent development of future brain or spinal metastasis. Radiation to the neurological system causes a series of temporal injuries to the normal tissue and associated blood vessels, leading to transient and/or permanent changes. Recent progress from basic and clinical studies demonstrates that the neurological complications of radiation treatment are mediated through cellular injuries sustained by a number of cell types. Traditionally, neurological complications are classified based on the temporal relationship with the delivery of radiation: acute (during radiation), early-delayed (up to 6months after radiation), and late-delayed (> 6months to years postradiation). With the improved efficacy of anticancer therapies, the clinical manifestations of neurological complications and efforts to minimize radiation-related toxicity have received more attention during recent decades. It is generally accepted that total radiation dose, dose per fraction, treatment volume, use of concurrent chemotherapy, age, and predisposing mutations are risk factors of neurological complications. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestations of radiation-induced neurological toxicity is essential to the development of novel approaches to reduce the incidence and severity of treatment-related complications.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Chapter 27 - Neurological complications of radiation therapy
- Creators
- Kailin Yang - Cleveland ClinicErin S. Murphy - Cleveland ClinicSimon S. Lo - University of WashingtonSamuel T. Chao - Cleveland ClinicJohn H. Suh - Cleveland Clinic
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- Neurological Complications of Systemic Cancer and Antineoplastic Therapy, pp.465-477
- Edition
- Second Edition
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-12-821976-8.00002-5
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2022
- Academic Unit
- Radiation Oncology
- Record Identifier
- 9984696721702771
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