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Chapter 30 - Baroreceptor reflexes
Book chapter

Chapter 30 - Baroreceptor reflexes

Mark W. Chapleau
Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System, pp.171-177
Elsevier Inc, Fourth Edition
2023
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-85492-4.00074-0

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Abstract

Arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors are mechanosensitive nerve endings in carotid sinuses, aortic arch, and the cardiopulmonary region which detect changes in arterial blood pressure (BP) and central blood volume. Changes in baroreceptor activity trigger reflex circulatory adjustments that regulate BP and blood volume in a negative-feedback manner. The following topics are summarized: (1) The neural pathways and effector mechanisms that mediate circulatory adjustments to changes in BP and blood volume; (2) The determinants of afferent baroreceptor activity; (3) Baroreflex resetting and sensitivity in hypertension and other diseases; (4) The mechanisms of decreased baroreflex sensitivity in these diseases and with aging; (5) Baroreflex sensitivity as a determinant of cardiovascular risk and a therapeutic target; and (6) Evidence that the importance of the baroreflex extends beyond short-term BP control to include antiinflammatory and antiarrhythmic effects, and the ability to produce sustained decreases in BP and end organ damage.
Hypertension Baroreceptor resetting Blood pressure Mechanosensory transduction Parasympathetic nervous system Pressoreceptors Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system Sympathetic nervous system Vasopressin

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