Book chapter
Chapter 35 - Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Regulatory T cells and Autoimmune Diseases, pp.755-767
Academic Press
2024
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-13947-5.00016-6
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) abnormalities were observed in patients with various forms of systemic vasculitis, including ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). While the total number of Tregs and Treg subsets varied between studies, decreased function of Treg cells was uniformly demonstrated in patients with active AAV. This abnormality in Treg function correlated with active disease and tended to normalize with the induction of remission. Abnormalities in FoxP3 exon 2 expression in CD4+ Tregs and overexpression of certain micro-RNA correlated with abnormal functionality of CD4+ Tregs in AAV. The ratio between Th17-producing effector T cells and CD4+ Tregs changes with disease activity and could be considered a potentially valuable biomarker for predicting disease flares. Treatment with the B-cell-depleting agent rituximab in AAV restored the abnormal Treg function. Therefore Tregs should be considered an important therapeutic target in patients with vasculitis. Clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of low-dose recombinant IL-2, IL-10, or alternatively utilizing ex vivo propagated Tregs, including CAR Treg, should be considered in the future as alternative approaches to currently available treatments for AAV.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Chapter 35 - Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
- Creators
- Petar S. Lenert - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- Regulatory T cells and Autoimmune Diseases, pp.755-767
- DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-443-13947-5.00016-6
- Publisher
- Academic Press; London
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2024
- Academic Unit
- Immunology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984948118602771
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