Book chapter
Chapter 6 - Santos: An integrated human modeling and simulation platform
DHM and Posturography, pp.63-77
Academic press
2019
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-816713-7.00006-4
Abstract
The Santos human simulation environment has been in development since 2003 at the University of Iowa's Virtual Soldier Research Program with extensive funding from the U.S. military (U.S. Marines, U.S. Army, Naval Health Research Center, Office of Naval Research, Tank Automotive Command (TACOM), Army Medical Command, etc.) and industry partners (Ford, GM, Chrysler, Honda, Rockwell Collins, Caterpillar, etc.). The Santos environment was developed from the ground up based on a physics-based approach using a new methodology called human predictive dynamics. The 215-degree-of-freedom human model allows for direct interaction and variation in body dimensions, body type, strength, and fatigue. Most unique to the Santos model is its ability to conduct dynamic tasks, showing cause and effect. A user of the simulation environment can define a task, design a digital human model, and execute the motion. The result is Santos attempting the task and reporting back to the user whether or not the task can be done (Abdel-Malek, Arora et al., 2006; Abdel-Malek et al., 2007; Abdel-Malek et al., 2008; Abdel-Malek, Yang, Marler, Beck, Kim et al., 2006; Yang, Rahmatalla, Marler, Abdel-Malek, & Harrison, 2007).
Santos has been used in many military applications, from designing vehicles, weapons, and systems to studying the extended load carriage capabilities for the U.S. Marines (Abdel-Malek, 2007; Chung, Xiang, Arora, and Abdel-Malek,Abdel-Malek 2015; Chung, Arora, Abdel-Malek and Xiang 2015; Hariri, Arora, & Abdel-Malek, 2012; Kwon, Hariri, Bhatt, Arora, & Abdel-Malek, 2011; Kwon et al., 2014; Xiang, Arora, & Abdel-Malek, 2012b; Xiang et al., 2012; Xiang, Rahmatalla, Arora, & Abdel-Malek 2011; Yang & Abdel-Malek, 2009; Yang, Abdel-Malek, & Nebel, 2004; Yang, et al., 2007). The model now has a comprehensive physiology system that includes strength, fatigue, and cardiovascular parameters, as well as a complete musculoskeletal model. Artificial intelligence and deep learning approaches have also been used in the simulation environment to study injury prediction for athletics and the military. This chapter describes the Santos development story and emphasizes its unique attributes.
Keywords
Computational physiology Human modeling Human performance Human simulation Human systems integration Physics-based Predictive dynamics Santos
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Chapter 6 - Santos: An integrated human modeling and simulation platform
- Creators
- Karim Abdel-Malek - University of Iowa, Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical EngineeringJasbir Arora - University of Iowa, Civil and Environmental EngineeringRajan Bhatt - University of Iowa, Iowa Technology InstituteKimberly FarrellChris Murphy - University of IowaKevin Kregel - University of Iowa, Provost Office Administration
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- DHM and Posturography, pp.63-77
- Publisher
- Academic press
- DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-12-816713-7.00006-4
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2019
- Academic Unit
- Mechanical Engineering; Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Provost Office Administration; Health and Human Physiology; Iowa Technology Institute; Civil and Environmental Engineering; Radiation Oncology
- Record Identifier
- 9984213650102771
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