Chapter 7 - Early detection matters: Screening and diagnostic tools

Avinash Khadela; Jeel Trivedi; Sunayna Saluja; Isha Shah; Manthan Merja; Rushabh Kothari; Mehul R. Chorawala; Rajanikant Patel; Rakesh B. Patel

doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-33536-5.00019-5

Book chapter

Chapter 7 - Early detection matters: Screening and diagnostic tools

Avinash Khadela, Jeel Trivedi, Sunayna Saluja, Isha Shah, Manthan Merja, Rushabh Kothari, Mehul R. Chorawala, Rajanikant Patel and Rakesh B. Patel

Ovarian Cancer, pp.187-204

Elsevier

2025

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-33536-5.00019-5

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Abstract

Ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of gynecologic cancer-related mortality due to its often late diagnosis and subtle early symptoms. Early detection is pivotal for improving prognosis and survival rates, as most cases are diagnosed at advanced stages when therapeutic options are limited. This chapter explores the critical importance of early detection and reviews current and emerging screening and diagnostic tools for ovarian cancer. It examines traditional methods such as pelvic examinations, transvaginal ultrasound, and serum biomarkers like cancer antigen-125, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Additionally, the chapter delves into advancements in molecular diagnostics, including liquid biopsies, circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid, microRNAs, and proteomics, which promise enhanced sensitivity and specificity. The role of risk stratification models, genetic testing for breast cancer mutations, and other hereditary syndromes is also discussed in the context of high-risk populations. Furthermore, the potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning to transform diagnostic pathways is analyzed. By providing a comprehensive overview of current practices and emerging innovations, this chapter underscores the urgent need for effective early detection strategies to reduce the global burden of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian Cancer

Artificial intelligence

Diagnostic biomarkers

Early detection

Molecular diagnostics

Screening tools

Transvaginal ultrasound

Details

Title: Subtitle: Chapter 7 - Early detection matters: Screening and diagnostic tools
Creators: Avinash Khadela - B.J. Medical College
Jeel Trivedi - B.J. Medical College
Sunayna Saluja - B.J. Medical College
Isha Shah - B.J. Medical College
Manthan Merja - Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute
Rushabh Kothari - Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute
Mehul R. Chorawala - B.J. Medical College
Rajanikant Patel - Department of Product Development, Granules Pharmaceuticals Inc., Chantilly, VA, United States
Rakesh B. Patel - University of Iowa, Internal Medicine
Resource Type: Book chapter
Publication Details: Ovarian Cancer, pp.187-204
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-33536-5.00019-5
Publisher: Elsevier; Amsterdam, Netherlands
Language: English
Date published: 2025
Academic Unit: Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9985132078202771

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