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Mitochondrial Ca2+ Transport in the Control of Neuronal Functions
Book chapter

Mitochondrial Ca2+ Transport in the Control of Neuronal Functions

Yuriy M Usachev
The Functions, Disease‐Related Dysfunctions, and Therapeutic Targeting of Neuronal Mitochondria, pp.101-129
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
10/27/2015
DOI: 10.1002/9781119017127.ch4

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Abstract

The fact that mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling is key to controlling neuronal life and death makes the components of mitochondrial Ca 2+ transport attractive candidates for therapeutic targeting in the treatment of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. This chapter reviews recent advancements in the molecular biology of mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling in neurons and discusses how Ca 2+ transport into and out of neuronal mitochondria contributes to the control of neuron excitability, synaptic transmission, and gene expression. In neurons at rest, total Ca 2+ concentration in the matrix ([Ca] mt ) is low, usually <100 nM. During electrical or synaptic stimulation, [Ca] mt can increase to millimolar levels within seconds. Since, our knowledge of the expression and function of the MCU and MICU isoforms within various organ systems is limited, the chapter focuses on the data available for the nervous system.
molecular mechanisms signaling mitochondrial Ca cycling synaptic transmission transport neuronal functions cellular mechanisms gene expression neuronal excitability

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