Neurological Monitoring of the Critically-Ill Child

Elizabeth A Newell; Bokhary Abdulmohsen; Michael J Bell

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6362-6_41

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Book chapter

Neurological Monitoring of the Critically-Ill Child

Elizabeth A Newell, Bokhary Abdulmohsen and Michael J Bell

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, pp.569-578

Springer London

03/25/2014

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6362-6_41

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Abstract

Mortality rates from critical illnesses in children continue to decline and neurological morbidity has become the next frontier of to cross for advancing pediatric critical care. Since neurological injuries from lack of nutrients, inadequate removal of metabolic byproducts and alterations of blood flow can rapidly lead to permanent disabilities, a variety of means to monitor the nervous system have been developed over the years with a goal of determining injuries at the earliest possible time. These systems have been utilized in various brain injuries – either acquired prior to ICU admission or during the critical illness – but none have sufficient reliability to be utilized in all conditions. This chapter will review the various non-invasive (physical examination, electrophysiological, ultrasonographic and serum neuromarkers) and invasive (intracranial pressure monitoring, brain oxygen tension and others) neurological monitors that are currently in use or emerging from clinical research. The purpose of this chapter is to briefly review the monitoring systems that can be used by the pediatric intensivist at this time and to describe newer technologies that might be available in the future.

Neurological monitor

Intracranial pressure monitoring

Electrophysiological monitoring

Acquired brain injury

Details

Title: Subtitle: Neurological Monitoring of the Critically-Ill Child
Creators: Elizabeth A Newell - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
Bokhary Abdulmohsen - Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Tai, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Michael J Bell - Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
Resource Type: Book chapter
Publication Details: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, pp.569-578
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6362-6_41
Publisher: Springer London; London
Language: English
Date published: 03/25/2014
Academic Unit: Critical Care; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984070497202771

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