Book chapter
Proteolytic Activation of Extra Cytoplasmic Function (ECF) σ Factors
Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria, pp.344-351
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
08/26/2016
DOI: 10.1002/9781119004813.ch30
Abstract
Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors are a type of bacterial signal transduction system used to processes various environmental signals. These alternative σ factors direct transcription in response to extracellular signals, which are often stress related. ECF σ factors are held inactive by an anti‐σ factor until they encounter stress, at which point they are activated. Mechanisms of ECF σ factor activation can vary depending on the architecture of the anti‐σ factor. Here we highlight those ECF σ factors that are activated by a proteolytic cleavage cascade. In these systems, the anti‐σ factor inhibits activation of the ECF σ factors by sequestering it to the membrane, and preventing interaction with RNA polymerase in the absence of signal. In the presence of an inducing signal, the ECF σ factor is released via proteolytic degradation of the anti‐σ factor. We discuss the proteases involved and the methods of signal recognition that initiate ECF σ factor activation by proteolysis.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Proteolytic Activation of Extra Cytoplasmic Function (ECF) σ Factors
- Creators
- Jessica L Hastie - University of IowaCraig D Ellermeier - University of Iowa
- Contributors
- Frans J de Bruijn (Editor)
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria, pp.344-351
- DOI
- 10.1002/9781119004813.ch30
- Publisher
- John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hoboken, NJ, USA
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/26/2016
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Record Identifier
- 9984297429302771
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