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Recreational water exposure
Book chapter

Recreational water exposure

Cheston B. Cunha, Mary E. Wilson and Andrea K. Boggild
Schlossberg's Clinical Infectious Disease
Oxford University Press
10/01/2021
DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190888367.003.0118

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Abstract

This chapter describes the types of pathogens, geographic distribution, sources and routes of transmission, clinical presentations, and management of waterassociated infections. It analyzes the pathogens in water that infect susceptible humans through skin and mucous membranes via inhalation of aerosols, aspiration, and ingestion. Clinical manifestations of waterassociated infections range from superficial skin lesions to fatal, systemic infections. The chapter analyzes the survival of many waterassociated pathogens that is influenced by climate, season, other environmental conditions, and the level of sanitation. The risk of infection by waterborne pathogens depends on the duration and type of exposure, concentration density of organisms in water, and host immunity.

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