Spiral Ganglion Neuron Regeneration in the Cochlea: Regeneration of Synapses, Axons, and Cells

Steven H. Green; Sepand Bafti; Benjamin M. Gansemer; A. Eliot Shearer; Muhammad Taifur Rahman; Mark E. Warchol; Marlan R. Hansen

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20661-0_7

Book chapter

Spiral Ganglion Neuron Regeneration in the Cochlea: Regeneration of Synapses, Axons, and Cells

Steven H. Green, Sepand Bafti, Benjamin M. Gansemer, A. Eliot Shearer, Muhammad Taifur Rahman, Mark E. Warchol and Marlan R. Hansen

Hair Cell Regeneration, pp.163-194

Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, v. 75, Springer International Publishing

04/28/2023

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20661-0_7

View Online

Abstract

Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) transmit sensory data from cochlear hair cells to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. Loss of these neurons deprives the brain of information on sound, so functioning SGNs are necessary both for normal hearing and for the restoration of hearing with cochlear prostheses. This chapter provides a brief introduction to SGNs and their peripheral and central connections. Then, we summarize three types of SGN pathology and possible methods for their repair, loss of synapses, loss of axons, and loss of neurons entirely. Afferent synapses on inner hair cells can be lost as a consequence of noise exposure or aging, and we discuss experimental approaches to promote synapse regeneration. Aging and noise can also cause death of SGNs, which may occur slowly and involve the degeneration of peripheral axons. We discuss possible approaches to maintaining or regenerating these axons, which may help improve the efficacy of cochlear implants. Finally, we discuss current attempts to use stem cells for the replacement of lost SGNs, along with some of the associated challenges.

Stem Cells

Auditory nerve

Axon guidance

Axonal regeneration

Chemotropic factor

Cochlea

Neurite outgrowth

Neuronal regeneration

Neurotrophic factor

Spiral ganglion neuron

Synapse regeneration

Synaptopathy

Details

Title: Subtitle: Spiral Ganglion Neuron Regeneration in the Cochlea: Regeneration of Synapses, Axons, and Cells
Creators: Steven H. Green
Sepand Bafti
Benjamin M. Gansemer
A. Eliot Shearer
Muhammad Taifur Rahman
Mark E. Warchol
Marlan R. Hansen
Resource Type: Book chapter
Publication Details: Hair Cell Regeneration, pp.163-194
Publisher: Springer International Publishing; Cham
Series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research; v. 75
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20661-0_7
eISSN: 2197-1897
ISSN: 0947-2657
Language: English
Date published: 04/28/2023
Academic Unit: Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Neurosurgery; Biology; Otolaryngology
Record Identifier: 9984399498602771

Metrics

50 Record Views