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Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Book chapter

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Hannah C Kinney, Marco M Hefti, Richard D Goldstein and Robin L Haynes
Developmental Neuropathology, pp.269-280
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
03/20/2018
DOI: 10.1002/9781119013112.ch25

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Abstract

This chapter summarizes the recent advances in the neuropathology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). In 2015, hippocampal abnormalities were described in SIDS infants, including granule cell dispersion and its variant, dentate bilamination. A variety of hypothalamic abnormalities in SIDS have been reported, of relevance as the hypothalamus is the key node of the central homeostatic network, and is involved critically in the homeostasis of the whole animal. The lesions consistent with hypoxic‐ischemic insult that are found in at least some SIDS brains may be secondary to central cardiorespiratory compromise and reflect subclinical remote and/or chronic brainstem dysfunction prior to the lethal event. SIDS is increasingly conceptualized, however, as the simultaneous convergence upon the infant of an underlying vulnerability, an exogenous stressor, and a critical developmental period. The observations of abnormalities in different cortical and subcortical sites of the central homeostatic network suggest dysfunction within a distributed brain network.
 central cardiorespiratory hippocampal abnormalities chronic brainstem dysfunction sudden infant death syndrome central homeostatic network hypoxic‐ischemic lesion

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