Logo image
Tinnitus and tinnitus disorder: Theoretical and operational definitions (an international multidisciplinary proposal)
Book chapter   Open access   Peer reviewed

Tinnitus and tinnitus disorder: Theoretical and operational definitions (an international multidisciplinary proposal)

Dirk De Ridder, Winfried Schlee, Sven Vanneste, Alain Londero, Nathan Weisz, Tobias Kleinjung, Giriraj Singh Shekhawat, Ana Belen Elgoyhen, Jae-Jin Song, Gerhard Andersson, …
Tinnitus - An Interdisciplinary Approach Towards Individualized Treatment: From Heterogeneity to Personalized Medicine, pp.1-25
Progress in Brain Research, v. 260
2021
DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.12.002
PMID: 33637213
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.12.002View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

As for hypertension, chronic pain, epilepsy and other disorders with particular symptoms, a commonly accepted and unambiguous definition provides a common ground for researchers and clinicians to study and treat the problem. The WHOs ICD11 definition only mentions tinnitus as a nonspecific symptom of a hearing disorder, but not as a clinical entity in its own right, and the American Psychiatric Associations DSM-V doesnt mention tinnitus at all. Here we propose that the tinnitus without and with associated suffering should be differentiated by distinct terms: "Tinnitus" for the former and "Tinnitus Disorder" for the latter. The proposed definition then becomes "Tinnitus is the conscious awareness of a tonal or composite noise for which there is no identifiable corresponding external acoustic source, which becomes Tinnitus Disorder "when associated with emotional distress, cognitive dysfunction, and/or autonomic arousal, leading to behavioural changes and functional disability.". In other words "Tinnitus" describes the auditory or sensory component, whereas "Tinnitus Disorder" reflects the auditory component and the associated suffering. Whereas acute tinnitus may be a symptom secondary to a trauma or disease, chronic tinnitus may be considered a primary disorder in its own right. If adopted, this will advance the recognition of tinnitus disorder as a primary health condition in its own right. The capacity to measure the incidence, prevalence, and impact will help in identification of human, financial, and educational needs required to address acute tinnitus as a symptom but chronic tinnitus as a disorder.
Psychology Social Sciences Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology) Psykologi Psykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi) Samhällsvetenskap Tinnitus; Phantom; Sound; Definition; Affective; Pain; Operational; Theoretical

Details

Metrics

Logo image