Book chapter
Toll-Like Receptors and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Retinal Degenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy, pp.19-28
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, v. 1074, Springer Nature
2018
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_3
PMID: 29721923
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss in the over 50s worldwide. Activation of the immune system has been implicated in disease progression, but while polymorphisms in genes associated with the immune system have been identified as risk factors for disease, the underlying pathways and mechanisms involved in disease progression remain incompletely characterised. Typically inflammatory responses are mediated by microbial infection; however, in chronic conditions, a form of 'sterile' inflammation exists whereby immune responses occur in areas of the body, in the absence of microbes; 'sterile' inflammation is likely to be central to AMD. In this case the innate immune response is triggered when alarm signals released by stressed cells or damaged tissue are identified by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of membrane-spanning PRRs for which host-derived ligands have been identified; these include heat shock proteins, extracellular matrix breakdown products, mRNA from necrotic cells and modified lipids. Here we review the evidence for TLR involvement in the pathogenesis of AMD.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Toll-Like Receptors and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
- Creators
- Kelly Mulfaul - Trinity College DublinMaedbh Rhatigan - Trinity College DublinSarah Doyle - Trinity College Dublin
- Contributors
- John D Ash (Editor) - University of FloridaRobert E Anderson (Editor) - University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterMatthew M LaVail (Editor) - University of California, San FranciscoCatherine Bowes Rickman (Editor) - Duke UniversityJoe G Hollyfield (Editor) - Case Western Reserve UniversityChristian Grimm (Editor) - University Hospital of Zurich
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Publication Details
- Retinal Degenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy, pp.19-28
- Series
- Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; v. 1074
- DOI
- 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_3
- PMID
- 29721923
- NLM abbreviation
- Adv Exp Med Biol
- ISSN
- 0065-2598
- eISSN
- 2214-8019
- Publisher
- Springer Nature; Cham
- Number of pages
- 10
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2018
- Academic Unit
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Neuroscience and Pharmacology
- Record Identifier
- 9984771652502771
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