This study is divided into two parts, each examining how we understand customer satisfaction and loyalty - topics that, despite much study, still have unanswered questions. The first essay looks at how satisfaction evaluation differs across industries. It finds that the way companies measure satisfaction is heavily influenced by the type of industry they are in, with most using a direct measure of product quality. Especially in service sectors, people often judge their satisfaction based on their expectations. Also, even in industries where there isn’t much competition, people create their own standards to measure their satisfaction. The second essay investigates how customer satisfaction affects whether people will buy a product again, trying to figure out if their loyalty is genuine or just due to habit. The COVID 19 pandemic created a unique opportunity to study this by removing routine factors, helping to clarify what influences loyalty. Overall, these essays help us better understand how businesses measure customer satisfaction and how this influence repeats purchases, providing new insights into marketing research.