Thesis
A unique profile of chemokines, cytokines, and biomarkers in the saliva of children with Sjögren syndrome
University of Iowa
Master of Science (MS), University of Iowa
Summer 2020
DOI: 10.17077/etd.005529
Abstract
Purpose: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is typically diagnosed in adults 40-50 years of age. A focus on the events in the salivary tissues of children developing SS would provide meaningful information on disease pathogenesis. The study’s objective was to identify chemokines, cytokines, and biomarkers (CCBMs) in the saliva of children with SS that may be associated with the presence of immune cells in their salivary tissues.
Methods: We collected saliva from 11 children, 11-20 years of age, formally diagnosed with SS. We also collected saliva from healthy children, matched for gender and age, which served as study controls. We determined the concentrations (pg/ml) of 105 CCBMs, in triplicate, using multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassays and we used a one-way ANOVA, followed by the t test, to detect differences among marker concentrations from the two groups at the 0.05 level of significance.
Results: 41% (43 of 105) of the CCBMs we selected were different (p < 0.05) between the children with SS and the healthy controls. Heat maps illustrated the differences in their CCBM profiles and principal component analysis (PCA) illustrated the importance of these CCBMs to differentiate these two groups (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: We believe a unique profile of CCBMs in children with disease could identify early events in the etiopathogenesis of SS and assist in the diagnosis of children with SS.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- A unique profile of chemokines, cytokines, and biomarkers in the saliva of children with Sjögren syndrome
- Creators
- Maria Paula Gomez Hernandez
- Contributors
- Kim A Brogden (Advisor)Scott Lieberman (Committee Member)Emily Lanzel (Committee Member)Erliang Zeng (Committee Member)
- Resource Type
- Thesis
- Degree Awarded
- Master of Science (MS), University of Iowa
- Degree in
- Oral Science
- Date degree season
- Summer 2020
- DOI
- 10.17077/etd.005529
- Publisher
- University of Iowa
- Number of pages
- ix, 123 pages
- Copyright
- Copyright 2020 Maria Paula Gomez Hernandez
- Language
- English
- Description illustrations
- illustrations (some color)
- Description bibliographic
- Includes bibliographical references (pages 50-57).
- Public Abstract (ETD)
Sjӧgren syndrome (SS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that is typically diagnosed in adults 40-50 years of age. SS is well characterized in adults and is one of the most common manifestations of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. It is the second most common autoimmune disorder affecting as many as four million Americans. Usually by the time SS is diagnosed in adults, the process may no longer be in the early stages.
SS is characterized by dysfunction and destruction of exocrine glands, in particular the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to persistent dryness of the mouth and eyes. Due to the direct involvement of these glands in the functional changes of the disease, saliva and tears are thought to reflect the glandular dysfunction and destruction. Saliva and tears drain the main targets of autoimmune response, which in the case of SS are the salivary and lacrimal glands. Along with symptoms of extensive dryness, other serious complications include profound fatigue, chronic pain, major organ involvement, neuropathies and lymphomas.
In children, SS presents differently than it does in adults. The most common presenting feature of childhood SS is swelling of the parotid glands with or without tenderness. The parotid gland is the major salivary gland located over the angle of the jaw on both sides.
In this study, I identified reliable biomarkers in saliva of children that may be used to diagnose childhood Sjӧgrens. The biomarkers evaluated in the study, included chemokines, cytokines, and other biomarkers associated with the presence of immune cells in their salivary tissues. In considering the simplicity of saliva collection and its potential as a diagnostic medium, saliva is widely recognized as an attractive biofluid for study of SS, featuring several advantages over blood, the most important that it can be obtained using noninvasive techniques. We believe that the studies of these children will more likely to result in identification of biomarkers associated with their early tissue changes and pathology. This would be a significant advancement with immediate clinical impact leading to more reliable diagnosis allowing for early interventions aimed at preventing long-term organ damage and irreversible symptoms.
- Academic Unit
- Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9983987998102771
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