Logo image
Effects of partner familiarity on conversation and memory in healthy adults
Thesis   Open access

Effects of partner familiarity on conversation and memory in healthy adults

Hannah R. O' Donnell
University of Iowa
Master of Arts (MA), University of Iowa
Spring 2024
DOI: 10.25820/etd.007491
pdf
ODonnell MA Thesis Final Revised376.41 kBDownloadView
Open Access Free to read and download

Abstract

Effective communication is a fundamental component of building interpersonal relationships. While memory plays a critical role in shaping conversation, less explored is how memory representations are encoded and retrieved after conversation. Here, in two experiments, we explore the interplay of factors, including partner familiarity, shaping successful communication in healthy younger and older adults. In Experiment 1, younger adults engaged in a semi-structured conversation task with their friends or with a stranger over Zoom. After completing the conversation task and a series of cognitive measures, they were asked to retrieve prior conversational contents. The current results were consistent previous findings, suggesting a tendency for individuals to recall their own contributions better than their partner’s contributions. However, overall, we found that participants did not remember much of the conversation (~20%). Moreover, conversation parameters derived from Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC-22) indicated no significant differences in utterances produced during the conversation and memory tasks between friend pairs and stranger pairs. This could be attributed to the communication modality (Zoom). In Experiment 2, a follow-up study utilized the same study design in a face-to-face setting, including both friend and stranger pairs across younger and older adults. Notably, results revealed significant differences in conversation and memory performance among younger and older adults interacting with their friends or a stranger. Namely, ‘clout’, which indicates levels of confidence showed a significant main effect of group (younger vs. older adults), condition (friends vs. strangers), and the interaction between the two in both conversation and memory portions task. Older adults exhibited higher amounts of clout during conversation, while younger adults demonstrated more clout during memory retrieval. Also, friends showed the most clout overall compared to strangers. Additionally, while other parameters like analytic and authentic parameters reach significance in some instances, their impact varied contextually, suggesting the influence of aging and relationship closeness is nuanced for discourse dynamics. Overall, findings from these studies imply the importance of communication modality, age, and relationship closeness in shaping conversation dynamics. These findings may contribute to a bigger understanding of social communication and memory, emphasizing the role of many factors in shaping what we know about successful discourse.

Details

Metrics

15 File views/ downloads
117 Record Views
Logo image