A Case of Persistent Human Pegivirus Infection in Two Separate Pregnancies of a Woman

Mathieu Garand; Susie S. Y. Huang; Lisa S. Goessling; Donna A. Santillan; Mark K. Santillan; Anoop Brar; Todd N. Wylie; Kristine M. Wylie; Pirooz Eghtesady

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10101925

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A Case of Persistent Human Pegivirus Infection in Two Separate Pregnancies of a Woman

Journal article

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A Case of Persistent Human Pegivirus Infection in Two Separate Pregnancies of a Woman

Mathieu Garand, Susie S. Y. Huang, Lisa S. Goessling, Donna A. Santillan, Mark K. Santillan, Anoop Brar, Todd N. Wylie, Kristine M. Wylie and Pirooz Eghtesady

Microorganisms (Basel), Vol.10(10), p.1925

09/28/2022

DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101925

PMCID: PMC9610878

PMID: 36296201

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Abstract

Human pegivirus (HPgV) is best known for persistent, presumably non-pathogenic, infection and a propensity to co-infect with human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus. However, unique attributes, such as the increased risk of malignancy or immune modulation, have been recently recognized for HPgV. We have identified a unique case of a woman with high levels HPgV infection in two pregnancies, which occurred 4 years apart and without evidence of human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus infection. The second pregnancy was complicated by congenital heart disease. A high level of HPgV infection was detected in the maternal blood from different trimesters by RT-PCR and identified as HPgV type 1 genotype 2 in both pregnancies. In the second pregnancy, the decidua and intervillous tissue of the placenta were positive for HPgV by PCR but not the chorion or cord blood (from both pregnancies), suggesting no vertical transmission despite high levels of viremia. The HPgV genome sequence was remarkably conserved over the 4 years. Using VirScan, sera antibodies for HPgV were detected in the first trimester of both pregnancies. We observed the same anti-HPgV antibodies against the non-structural NS5 protein in both pregnancies, suggesting a similar non-E2 protein humoral immune response over time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of persistent HPgV infection involving placental tissues with no clear indication of vertical transmission. Our results reveal a more elaborate viral-host interaction than previously reported, expand our knowledge about tropism, and opens avenues for exploring the replication sites of this virus.

Brief Report

fetal viral infection

GBV-C

maternal viral infection

placenta

prenatal infection

viral antibody

viral protein

ViroCap

virome

VirScan

Details

Title: Subtitle: A Case of Persistent Human Pegivirus Infection in Two Separate Pregnancies of a Woman
Creators: Mathieu Garand - Washington University in St. Louis
Susie S. Y. Huang - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Lisa S. Goessling - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Donna A. Santillan - University of Iowa
Mark K. Santillan - University of Iowa
Anoop Brar - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Todd N. Wylie - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Kristine M. Wylie - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Pirooz Eghtesady - Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Microorganisms (Basel), Vol.10(10), p.1925
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101925
PMID: 36296201
PMCID: PMC9610878
NLM abbreviation: Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
eISSN: 2076-2607
Publisher: MDPI
Grant note: 19IPLOI34760405 / American Heart Association NIH CTSA UL1TR002537 / Institute for Clinical and Translational Science St. Louis Children’s Hospital R01HD089940; P50HD103556-8719 / National Institutes of Health St. Louis Children’s Hospital Heart Foundation Children’s Discovery Institute Iowa Health Data Resource P30CA086862 / UI BioShare; University of Iowa’s Carver College of Medicine; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Language: English
Date published: 09/28/2022
Academic Unit: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Record Identifier: 9984318224702771

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