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A Genetic Risk Score Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Susceptibility and Lung Structure on Computed Tomography
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

A Genetic Risk Score Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Susceptibility and Lung Structure on Computed Tomography

Elizabeth C Oelsner, Victor E Ortega, Benjamin M Smith, Jennifer N Nguyen, Ani W Manichaikul, Eric A Hoffman, Xiuqing Guo, Kent D Taylor, Prescott G Woodruff, David J Couper, …
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Vol.200(6), pp.721-731
09/15/2019
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201812-2355OC
PMCID: PMC6775892
PMID: 30925230
url
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6775892View
Open Access

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with numerous genetic variants, yet the extent to which its genetic risk is mediated by variation in lung structure remains unknown. To characterize associations between a genetic risk score (GRS) associated with COPD susceptibility and lung structure on computed tomography (CT). We analyzed data from MESA Lung (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Lung Study), a U.S. general population-based cohort, and SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study). A weighted GRS was calculated from 83 SNPs that were previously associated with lung function. Lung density, spatially matched airway dimensions, and airway counts were assessed on full-lung CT. Generalized linear models were adjusted for age, age squared, sex, height, principal components of genetic ancestry, smoking status, pack-years, CT model, milliamperes, and total lung volume. MESA Lung and SPIROMICS contributed 2,517 and 2,339 participants, respectively. Higher GRS was associated with lower lung function and increased COPD risk, as well as lower lung density, smaller airway lumens, and fewer small airways, without effect modification by smoking. Adjustment for CT lung structure, particularly small airway measures, attenuated associations between the GRS and FEV /FVC by 100% and 60% in MESA and SPIROMICS, respectively. Lung structure (  < 0.0001), but not the GRS (  > 0.10), improved discrimination of moderate-to-severe COPD cases relative to clinical factors alone. A GRS associated with COPD susceptibility was associated with CT lung structure. Lung structure may be an important mediator of heritability and determinant of personalized COPD risk.
Aged Female Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Lung - diagnostic imaging Lung - physiopathology Male Middle Aged Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - genetics Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology Risk Assessment Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods United States - epidemiology

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