Journal article
A Pilot Study of Nutritional Supplementation in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients
The Iowa orthopaedic journal, Vol.43(2), pp.45-51
12/2023
PMCID: PMC10777690
PMID: 38213865
Appears in Diamond Open Access
Abstract
Wound healing is particularly important for sarcoma patients who undergo neoadjuvant radiation therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated wound complications in this population approaching 35%. With this high rate of wound healing issues, identifying treatment modalities to minimize these complications is of paramount importance.
All patients with high grade bone and soft tissue sarcoma received 15 days of twice daily amino acid supplementation starting in the immediate post-operative period. We documented the healing status of the surgical wound, the primary outcome, at all follow up appointments until six months after surgery. Non-healing wounds were defined as any wound requiring 1) a return visit to the OR for debridement, 2) IV antibiotics (ABX), and 3) unhealed wounds at 6 months post-operatively.
For each patient, we collected biometrics with lean body mass analysis at preoperative appointment, and two and six weeks postoperatively. The proportion with non-healing wounds was compared with a historical patient cohort using the chi-square test. In a subgroup of participants with body composition measurements, we also compared changes in mean fat mass, lean mass, and psoas index from pre-operative baseline to 6 months post-operative using generalized linear models.
A total of 33 consecutive patients were supplemented with a branched chain amino acid (BCAA) formulation. The historical cohort included 146 participants from the previous 7 years (2010-2017). 26% of patients in the historical cohort experienced wound complications compared to 30% in the supplemented group. (p=0.72) When focusing specifically on lower extremity sarcomas treated with neoadjuvant radiation therapy, 46% of patients in the supplemented group experienced wound healing complications compared to 39% in the non-supplemented group (p=0.68). BCAA supplementation was found to be protective with regards to decreasing muscle wasting with no difference in psoas index measurements throughout the study period compared to a 20% muscle loss in the historical cohort (p=0.02).
In our limited sample size, there was no difference in wound healing complications between sarcoma patients who received postoperative BCAA supplementation compared to a historical cohort who were not supplemented. Patients who did not receive supplementation had a significant decline in post-operative psoas index following operative sarcoma removal.
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Details
- Title: Subtitle
- A Pilot Study of Nutritional Supplementation in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients
- Creators
- Mike Russell - Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USASteven Leary - Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USANathan E Saxby - University of IowaNatalie Glass - University of IowaBenjamin J Miller - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Iowa orthopaedic journal, Vol.43(2), pp.45-51
- Publisher
- Dept. of Orthopaedics, The University of Iowa; United States
- PMID
- 38213865
- PMCID
- PMC10777690
- ISSN
- 1541-5457
- eISSN
- 1555-1377
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/2023
- Academic Unit
- Orthopedics and Rehabilitation
- Record Identifier
- 9984544959202771
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