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A Red Zwitterionic Co-Crystal of Acetaminophen and 2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

A Red Zwitterionic Co-Crystal of Acetaminophen and 2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid

John R.G Sander, Dejan-Krešimir Bučar, Rodger F Henry, Jonas Baltrusaitis, Geoff G.Z Zhang and Leonard R Macgillivray
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Vol.99(9), pp.3676-3683
09/2010
DOI: 10.1002/jps.22229
PMID: 20574998
url
https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.22229View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

We report on a co-crystal of acetaminophen (APAP) and 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDA). The co-crystal was discovered by screening using the solution-mediated phase transformation (SMPT) technique. Despite the bulk solids of each component being white in color, the new co-crystal phase exhibited a red color. The new phase was analyzed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and identified as (APAP) (PDA) (1). Structural analysis revealed PDA to exist in a hitherto unreported zwitterionic form in the co-crystal. A structural analysis of pure PDA revealed the presence of the zwitterion form in (PDA)(H2O) (2), as well. The components of 1 self-assemble as a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogen-bonded network with a pronounced 2D structure. The origin of the red color was investigated using density functional theory calculations, which demonstrate a decreasing π–π* separation involving the components of the solid. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 99:3676–3683, 2010
co-crystals crystal engineering crystal structure crystallization solid state

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