Journal article
A Review of Challenges in the Use of fMRI for Disease Classification / Characterization and A Projection Pursuit Application from A Multi-site fMRI Schizophrenia Study
Brain imaging and behavior, Vol.2(3), pp.207-226
09/2008
DOI: 10.1007/s11682-008-9028-1
PMCID: PMC2701746
PMID: 19562043
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a fairly new technique that has the potential to characterize and classify brain disorders such as schizophrenia. It has the possibility of playing a crucial role in designing objective prognostic/diagnostic tools, but also presents numerous challenges to analysis and interpretation. Classification provides results for individual subjects, rather than results related to group differences. This is a more complicated endeavor that must be approached more carefully and efficient methods should be developed to draw generalized and valid conclusions out of high dimensional data with a limited number of subjects, especially for heterogeneous disorders whose pathophysiology is unknown. Numerous research efforts have been reported in the field using fMRI activation of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. However, the results are usually not generalizable to larger data sets and require careful definition of the techniques used both in designing algorithms and reporting prediction accuracies. In this review paper, we survey a number of previous reports and also identify possible biases (cross-validation, class size, e.g.) in class comparison/prediction problems. Some suggestions to improve the effectiveness of the presentation of the prediction accuracy results are provided. We also present our own results using a projection pursuit algorithm followed by an application of independent component analysis proposed in an earlier study. We classify schizophrenia versus healthy controls using fMRI data of 155 subjects from two sites obtained during three different tasks. The results are compared in order to investigate the effectiveness of each task and differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls are investigated.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- A Review of Challenges in the Use of fMRI for Disease Classification / Characterization and A Projection Pursuit Application from A Multi-site fMRI Schizophrenia Study
- Creators
- Oguz Demirci - Sony Electronics Inc., A-cubed Research Center San Jose CA 95112 USAVincent Clark - Department of Psychology UNM Albuquerque NM 87131 USAVincent Magnotta - Department of Radiology University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USANancy Andreasen - Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USAJohn Lauriello - Department of Psychiatry UNM Albuquerque NM 87131 USAKent Kiehl - Department of Psychology UNM Albuquerque NM 87131 USAGodfrey Pearlson - Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06511 USAVince Calhoun - Department of Psychiatry Yale University New Haven CT 06511 USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Brain imaging and behavior, Vol.2(3), pp.207-226
- DOI
- 10.1007/s11682-008-9028-1
- PMID
- 19562043
- PMCID
- PMC2701746
- NLM abbreviation
- Brain Imaging Behav
- ISSN
- 1931-7557
- eISSN
- 1931-7565
- Publisher
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC; New York
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/2008
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Radiology; Psychiatry; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Record Identifier
- 9984004180402771
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