Journal article
A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats without deleterious changes in insulin resistance
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Vol.304(12), pp.H1733-H1742
06/15/2013
DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00631.2012
PMCID: PMC3680768
PMID: 23604708
Abstract
Previous studies reported that diets high in simple carbohydrates could increase blood pressure in rodents. We hypothesized that the converse, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, might reduce blood pressure. Six-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR;
n
= 54) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY;
n
= 53, normotensive control) were fed either a control diet (C; 10% fat, 70% carbohydrate, 20% protein) or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HF; 20% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 20% protein). After 10 wk, SHR-HF had lower (
P
< 0.05) mean arterial pressure than SHR-C (148 ± 3 vs. 159 ± 3 mmHg) but a similar degree of cardiac hypertrophy (33.4 ± 0.4 vs. 33.1 ± 0.4 heart weight/tibia length, mg/mm). Mesenteric arteries and the entire aorta were used to assess vascular function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling, respectively. Endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) relaxation of mesenteric arteries was improved (
P
< 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas contraction (potassium chloride, phenylephrine) was reduced (
P
< 0.05). Phosphorylation of eNOS
Ser1177
increased (
P
< 0.05) in arteries from SHR-HF vs. SHR-C. Plasma glucose, insulin, and homoeostatic model of insulin assessment were lower (
P
< 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas peripheral insulin sensitivity (insulin tolerance test) was similar. After a 10-h fast, insulin stimulation (2 U/kg ip) increased (
P
< 0.05) phosphorylation of Akt
Ser473
and S6 in heart and gastrocnemius similarly in SHR-C vs. SHR-HF. In conclusion, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduced blood pressure and improved arterial function in SHR without producing signs of insulin resistance or altering insulin-mediated signaling in the heart, skeletal muscle, or vasculature.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats without deleterious changes in insulin resistance
- Creators
- John D Bosse - Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahHan Yi Lin - Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahCrystal Sloan - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahQuan-Jiang Zhang - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahE. Dale Abel - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahTroy J Pereira - Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaVernon W Dolinsky - Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaJ. David Symons - Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UtahThunder Jalili - Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Vol.304(12), pp.H1733-H1742
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajpheart.00631.2012
- PMID
- 23604708
- PMCID
- PMC3680768
- NLM abbreviation
- Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
- ISSN
- 0363-6135
- eISSN
- 1522-1539
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society; Bethesda, MD
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 06/15/2013
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Endocrinology and Metabolism; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984024536002771
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