A novel G protein-coupled receptor, related to GPR4, is required for assembly of the cortical actin skeleton in early Xenopus embryos

Qinghua Tao; Brett Lloyd; Stephanie Lang; Douglas Houston; Aaron Zorn; Chris Wylie

doi:10.1242/dev.01866

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A novel G protein-coupled receptor, related to GPR4, is required for assembly of the cortical actin skeleton in early Xenopus embryos

Journal article

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A novel G protein-coupled receptor, related to GPR4, is required for assembly of the cortical actin skeleton in early Xenopus embryos

Qinghua Tao, Brett Lloyd, Stephanie Lang, Douglas Houston, Aaron Zorn and Chris Wylie

Development (Cambridge), Vol.132(12), pp.2825-2836

06/2005

DOI: 10.1242/dev.01866

PMID: 15930112

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Abstract

As the fertilized Xenopus egg undergoes sequential cell divisions to form a blastula, each cell develops a network of cortical actin that provides shape and skeletal support for the whole embryo. Disruption of this network causes loss of shape and rigidity of the embryo, and disrupts gastrulation movements. We previously showed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling controls the change in cortical actin density that occurs at different stages of the cell cycle. Here, we use a gain-of-function screen, using an egg cDNA expression library, to identify an orphan G protein-coupled cell-surface receptor (XFlop) that controls the overall amount of cortical F-actin. Overexpression of XFlop increases the amount of cortical actin, as well as embryo rigidity and wound healing, whereas depletion of maternal XFlop mRNA does the reverse. Both overexpression and depletion of XFlop perturb gastrulation movements. Reciprocal rescue experiments, and comparison of the effects of their depletion in early embryos, show that the XLPA and XFlop signaling pathways play independent roles in cortical actin assembly, and thus that multiple signaling pathways control the actin skeleton in the blastula.

Lysophospholipids - metabolism

Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism

Xenopus Proteins - genetics

Cerebellar Cortex - metabolism

Actins - metabolism

Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - genetics

Molecular Sequence Data

Embryo, Nonmammalian - embryology

Wound Healing

Xenopus Proteins - chemistry

Cerebellar Cortex - embryology

Time Factors

Base Sequence

Female

Xenopus laevis - genetics

Amino Acid Sequence

Xenopus laevis - embryology

Signal Transduction

Mutation - genetics

Sequence Alignment

Animals

Xenopus laevis - metabolism

Cytoskeleton - metabolism

Xenopus Proteins - metabolism

Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - genetics

Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - chemistry

Details

Title: Subtitle: A novel G protein-coupled receptor, related to GPR4, is required for assembly of the cortical actin skeleton in early Xenopus embryos
Creators: Qinghua Tao - Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
Brett Lloyd
Stephanie Lang
Douglas Houston
Aaron Zorn
Chris Wylie
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Development (Cambridge), Vol.132(12), pp.2825-2836
Publisher: England
DOI: 10.1242/dev.01866
PMID: 15930112
ISSN: 0950-1991
eISSN: 1477-9129
Grant note: T32 HD 07463 / NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD 044764 / NICHD NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 06/2005
Academic Unit: Biology
Record Identifier: 9983992081102771

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