Journal article
A randomized clinical trial on the effects of progestin contraception in the genital tract of HIV-infected and uninfected women in Lilongwe, Malawi: Addressing evolving research priorities
Contemporary clinical trials, Vol.52, pp.27-34
01/01/2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.11.006
PMCID: PMC5458729
PMID: 27836505
Abstract
Hormonal contraception is central in the prevention of unintended pregnancy; however there are concerns that certain methods may increase the risk of HIV acquisition and transmission. Hormonal contraceptives may modify the genital mucosa in several ways, however the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Few studies have examined genital HIV shedding prospectively before and after initiation of hormonal contraception. The effects of hormonal contraception on genital HIV shedding in the setting of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are also unknown.
We designed a pilot clinical trial in which HIV-infected and uninfected women were randomized to either depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable or levonorgestrel (LNG) implant in Lilongwe, Malawi. The objectives were to: 1) assess the effect and compare the impact of type of progestin contraception (injectable versus implant) on HIV genital shedding among HIV-infected women, 2) assess the effect and compare the impact of type of progestin contraception on inflammatory/immune markers in the genital tract of both HIV-infected and uninfected women, and 3) assess the interaction of progestin contraception and ART by examining contraceptive efficacy and ART efficacy. An additional study aim was to determine the feasibility and need for a larger study of determinants of HIV transmissibility and acquisition.
As injectable contraception is widely used in many parts of the world with high HIV prevalence, this study will provide important information in determining the need for and feasibility of a larger study to address these questions that can impact the lives of millions of women living with or at risk for HIV.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- A randomized clinical trial on the effects of progestin contraception in the genital tract of HIV-infected and uninfected women in Lilongwe, Malawi: Addressing evolving research priorities
- Creators
- Athena P. Kourtis - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionLisa Haddad - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJennifer Tang - University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, MalawiLameck Chinula - University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, MalawiStacey Hurst - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJeffrey Wiener - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSascha Ellington - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJulie A.E. Nelson - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillAmanda Corbett - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillKristina De Paris - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillCaroline C. King - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMina Hosseinipour - University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, MalawiIrving F. Hoffman - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDenise J. Jamieson - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Contemporary clinical trials, Vol.52, pp.27-34
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.cct.2016.11.006
- PMID
- 27836505
- PMCID
- PMC5458729
- ISSN
- 1551-7144
- eISSN
- 1559-2030
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/01/2017
- Academic Unit
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; VPMA - Administration
- Record Identifier
- 9984446416902771
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