Journal article
ATS Core Curriculum 2021. Adult Pulmonary Medicine: Thoracic Oncology
ATS Scholar, Vol.2(3), pp.468-483
09/01/2021
DOI: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2021-0032RE
PMCID: PMC8518653
PMID: 34667994
Abstract
The American Thoracic Society Core Curriculum updates clinicians annually in adult and pediatric pulmonary disease, medical critical care, and sleep medicine at the annual international conference. The 2021 Pulmonary Core Curriculum focuses on lung cancer and include risks and prevention, screening, nodules, therapeutics and associated pulmonary toxicities, and malignant pleural effusions. Although tobacco smoking remains the primary risk factor for developing lung cancer, exposure to other environmental and occupational substances, including asbestos, radon, and burned biomass, contribute to the global burden of disease. Randomized studies have demonstrated that routine screening of high-risk smokers with low-dose chest computed tomography results in detection at an earlier stage and reduction in lung cancer mortality. On the basis of these trials and other lung cancer risk tools, screening recommendations have been developed. When evaluating lung nodules, clinical and radiographic features are used to estimate the probability of cancer. Management guidelines take into account the nodule size and cancer risk estimates to provide recommendations at evaluation. Newer lung cancer therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular therapies, cause pulmonary toxicity more frequently than conventional chemotherapy. Treatment-related toxicity should be suspected in patients receiving these medications who present with respiratory symptoms. Evaluation is aimed at excluding other etiologies, and treatment is based on the severity of symptoms. Malignant pleural effusions can be debilitating. The diagnosis is made by using simple pleural drainage and/or pleural biopsies. Management depends on the clinical scenario and the patient’s preferences and includes the use of serial thoracentesis, a tunneled pleural catheter, or pleurodesis.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- ATS Core Curriculum 2021. Adult Pulmonary Medicine: Thoracic Oncology
- Creators
- Garth W. Garrison - University of VermontJosalyn L. Cho - University of IowaJane C. Deng - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.Erin Camac - Temple UniversityScott Oh - University of California, Los AngelesKrishna Sundar - University of UtahJanelle V. Baptiste - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterGuang-Shing Cheng - University of WashingtonJose De Cardenas - University of MichiganCodi Fitzgerald - University of WashingtonJamie Garfield - Temple UniversityNgoc-Tram Ha - University of Maryland, BaltimoreVan K. Holden - University of Maryland, BaltimoreOisin O’Corragain - Temple UniversitySahil Patel - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterMax T. Wayne - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.Jakob I. McSparron - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.Tisha Wang - University of California, Los AngelesBaşak Çoruh - University of WashingtonMargaret M. Hayes - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterElizabeth Guzman - American Thoracic SocietyColleen L. Channick - University of California, Los Angeles
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- ATS Scholar, Vol.2(3), pp.468-483
- DOI
- 10.34197/ats-scholar.2021-0032RE
- PMID
- 34667994
- PMCID
- PMC8518653
- NLM abbreviation
- ATS Sch
- ISSN
- 2690-7097
- eISSN
- 2690-7097
- Publisher
- American Thoracic Society
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/01/2021
- Academic Unit
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984359886502771
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