Abnormal Cerebellar Structure Is Dependent on Phenotype of Isolated Cleft of the Lip and/or Palate

Ian DeVolder; Lynn Richman; Amy Conrad; Vincent Magnotta; Peg Nopoulos

doi:10.1007/s12311-012-0418-y

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Abnormal Cerebellar Structure Is Dependent on Phenotype of Isolated Cleft of the Lip and/or Palate

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Abnormal Cerebellar Structure Is Dependent on Phenotype of Isolated Cleft of the Lip and/or Palate

Ian DeVolder, Lynn Richman, Amy Conrad, Vincent Magnotta and Peg Nopoulos

The Cerebellum, Vol.12(2), pp.236-244

04/2013

DOI: 10.1007/s12311-012-0418-y

PMCID: PMC3566318

PMID: 23055082

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3566318View

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Abstract

Isolated cleft lip and/or palate (ICLP) is one of the most common congenital birth defects in the USA, affecting roughly 1 in 600 births annually. Along with the facial deformity, this population has been found to have abnormal neurodevelopment and gross structural abnormalities in the brain, particularly within the cerebellum. The current study examined cerebellar structure within the two primary subtypes of ICLP: cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate alone (CPO). A large sample of 107 subjects aged 7 to 27 years with ICLP was compared to 127 healthy controls. Samples were separated by sex. Brain structure was obtained via magnetic resonance imaging. For males, after controlling for intracranial volume, cerebellum volume was significantly lower in the ICLP group (F = 12.351, p = 0.001). Regionally in the cerebellum, males with ICLP had proportionally larger anterior lobes (F = 4.022, p = 0.047) and smaller superior posterior lobes (F = 5.686, p = 0.019). CL/P males showed only a reduction in overall cerebellum volume, with no regional changes. CPO males showed only regional changes, with no reduction in overall volume. Females with ICLP showed no overall or regional cerebellar abnormalities. However, females with CPO did have significantly lower cerebellum volumes than controls. The results reveal both global and regional cerebellar abnormalities within subjects with ICLP. They also establish the existence of abnormal cerebellar morphologies that are dependent on cleft subtype as well as sex. This lends further support to the claim that CL/P and CPO are distinct conditions.

Cerebellum

Neurology

Neurosciences

Biomedicine

Cleft lip with/without cleft palate

Magnetic resonance imaging

Cleft palate alone

Neurobiology

Isolated cleft

Brain structure

Details

Title: Subtitle: Abnormal Cerebellar Structure Is Dependent on Phenotype of Isolated Cleft of the Lip and/or Palate
Creators: Ian DeVolder - University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics 200 Hawkins Drive, W278GH Iowa City IA 52242 USA
Lynn Richman - Department of Pediatrics University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City IA USA
Amy Conrad - Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City IA USA
Vincent Magnotta - Department of Radiology University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City IA USA
Peg Nopoulos - Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City IA USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The Cerebellum, Vol.12(2), pp.236-244
DOI: 10.1007/s12311-012-0418-y
PMID: 23055082
PMCID: PMC3566318
NLM abbreviation: Cerebellum
ISSN: 1473-4222
eISSN: 1473-4230
Publisher: Springer-Verlag; New York
Language: English
Date published: 04/2013
Academic Unit: Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Neurology; Radiology; Psychiatry; Pediatric Psychology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center
Record Identifier: 9984051771802771

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