Abnormal brain structure in children with isolated clefts of the lip or palate

Peg Nopoulos; Douglas R Langbehn; John Canady; Vincent Magnotta; Lynn Richman

doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.8.753

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Abnormal brain structure in children with isolated clefts of the lip or palate

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Abnormal brain structure in children with isolated clefts of the lip or palate

Peg Nopoulos, Douglas R Langbehn, John Canady, Vincent Magnotta and Lynn Richman

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine, Vol.161(8), pp.753-758

08/2007

DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.161.8.753

PMID: 17679656

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Abstract

To evaluate brain structure in a sample of children with isolated clefts of the lip and/or palate (ICLP). Case-control study. Tertiary care center. A large sample of 74 children aged 7 to 17 years with ICLP was compared with a healthy control group, matched by age and sex. Isolated cleft lip and/or palate. General measures of height and head circumference were obtained. Brain structure was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging, generating both general and regional brain measures (volumes). Height was significantly lower in the ICLP group (F = 4.83, P = .03). After controlling for this smaller body size, children with ICLP had abnormally small brains with both cerebrum (F = 4.47, P = .04) and cerebellum (F = 14.56, P <.001) volumes substantially decreased. Within the cerebrum, the frontal lobe was preferentially decreased (F = 7.22, P = .008) and subcortical nuclei were also substantially smaller (F = 4.18, P = .003). Tissue distribution of cortical gray matter and white matter within the cerebrum were abnormal in boys with ICLP (larger cortical volume, smaller volume of white matter) but proportional to controls in girls with ICLP. Children with ICLP have abnormal brain structure, potentially due to abnormal brain development. The fact that the pattern of brain abnormalities in children with ICLP is dramatically different from the pattern of brain abnormalities seen in adults with ICLP suggests that brain growth and development trajectory is also abnormal in subjects with ICLP.

Anthropometry

Humans

Male

Cleft Palate - genetics

Developmental Disabilities - genetics

Brain - abnormalities

Cerebellum - abnormalities

Case-Control Studies

Female

Iowa - epidemiology

Child

Developmental Disabilities - diagnosis

Risk Assessment

Risk Factors

Cognition Disorders - genetics

Syndrome

Cognition Disorders - diagnosis

Cleft Lip - genetics

Telencephalon - abnormalities

Head - abnormalities

Adolescent

Sex Factors

Cleft Palate - complications

Body Height

Frontal Lobe - abnormalities

Cleft Lip - complications

Details

Title: Subtitle: Abnormal brain structure in children with isolated clefts of the lip or palate
Creators: Peg Nopoulos - Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. peggy-nopoulos@uiowa.edu
Douglas R Langbehn
John Canady
Vincent Magnotta
Lynn Richman
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine, Vol.161(8), pp.753-758
DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.161.8.753
PMID: 17679656
NLM abbreviation: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
ISSN: 1072-4710
eISSN: 1538-3628
Publisher: American Medical Association; United States
Grant note: R01 DE014399 / NIDCR NIH HHS 5 R01 DE14399-05 / NIDCR NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 08/2007
Academic Unit: Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Neurology; Radiology; Psychiatry; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Otolaryngology
Record Identifier: 9984003971202771

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