Acute Inhibition of Fatty Acid Import Inhibits GLUT4 Transcription in Adipose Tissue, but Not Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Partly Through Liver X Receptor (LXR) Signaling

Beth A GRIESEL; Juston WEEMS; Robert A RUSSELL; E. Dale ABEL; Kenneth HUMPHRIES; Ann Louise OLSON

doi:10.2337/db09-1542

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Acute Inhibition of Fatty Acid Import Inhibits GLUT4 Transcription in Adipose Tissue, but Not Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Partly Through Liver X Receptor (LXR) Signaling

Journal article

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Acute Inhibition of Fatty Acid Import Inhibits GLUT4 Transcription in Adipose Tissue, but Not Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Partly Through Liver X Receptor (LXR) Signaling

Beth A GRIESEL, Juston WEEMS, Robert A RUSSELL, E. Dale ABEL, Kenneth HUMPHRIES and Ann Louise OLSON

Diabetes (New York, N.Y.), Vol.59(4), pp.800-807

2010

DOI: 10.2337/db09-1542

PMCID: PMC2844827

PMID: 20103707

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Abstract

Objective: Insulin-mediated glucose uptake is highly sensitive to the levels of the facilitative GLUT protein GLUT4. Transcription of the GLUT4 gene is repressed in states of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance and can be induced by states of enhanced energy output, such as exercise. The cellular signals that regulate GLUT4 transcription are not well understood. We hypothesized that changes in energy substrate flux regulate GLUT4 transcription. Research design and methods: To test this hypothesis, we used transgenic mice in which expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene is driven by a functional 895-bp fragment of the human GLUT4 promoter, thereby acting as a reporter for transcriptional activity. Mice were treated with a single dose of etomoxir, which inhibits the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria and increases basal, but not insulin-mediated, glucose flux. GLUT4 and transgenic CAT mRNA were measured. Results: Etomoxir treatment significantly reduced CAT and GLUT4 mRNA transcription in adipose tissue, but did not change transcription in heart and skeletal muscle. Downregulation of GLUT4 transcription was cell autonomous, since etomoxir treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes resulted in a similar downregulation of GLUT4 mRNA. GLUT4 transcriptional downregulation required the putative liver X receptor (LXR) binding site in the human GLUT4 gene promoter in adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with the LXR agonist, TO901317, partially restored GLUT4 expression in etomoxir-treated cells. Conclusions: Our data suggest that long-chain fatty acid import into mitochondria in adipose tissue may produce ligands that regulate expression of metabolic genes.

Biological and medical sciences

Endocrinopathies

Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance

Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance

Medical sciences

Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)

Details

Title: Subtitle: Acute Inhibition of Fatty Acid Import Inhibits GLUT4 Transcription in Adipose Tissue, but Not Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Partly Through Liver X Receptor (LXR) Signaling
Creators: Beth A GRIESEL - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Juston WEEMS - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Robert A RUSSELL - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
E. Dale ABEL - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Kenneth HUMPHRIES - Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Ann Louise OLSON - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.), Vol.59(4), pp.800-807
DOI: 10.2337/db09-1542
PMID: 20103707
PMCID: PMC2844827
NLM abbreviation: Diabetes
ISSN: 0012-1797
eISSN: 1939-327X
Publisher: American Diabetes Association; Alexandria, VA
Language: English
Date published: 2010
Academic Unit: Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Endocrinology and Metabolism; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984025268902771

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