Adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola Virus infection

Francoise A. Gourronc; Michael Rebagliati; Breanna Kramer-Riesberg; Anthony M. Fleck; Justin J. Patten; Kathleen Geohegan-Barek; Kelly N. Messingham; Robert A. Davey; Wendy Maury; Aloysius J. Klingelhutz

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2022.05.007

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Adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola Virus infection

Journal article

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Adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola Virus infection

Francoise A. Gourronc, Michael Rebagliati, Breanna Kramer-Riesberg, Anthony M. Fleck, Justin J. Patten, Kathleen Geohegan-Barek, Kelly N. Messingham, Robert A. Davey, Wendy Maury and Aloysius J. Klingelhutz

Virology (New York, N.Y.), Vol.573, pp.12-22

05/27/2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.05.007

PMCID: PMC9413353

PMID: 35690007

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Abstract

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ with strong proinflammatory capacity; however, the role of this tissue in highly pathogenic virus infections has not been extensively examined. We show that mice infected with a mouse-adapted Ebola Virus (EBOV) exhibit increasing levels of viral transcript in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue over the course of infection. Human adipocytes were found to be susceptible to EBOV. Endocytosis and macropinocytosis inhibitors effectively blocked infection of adipocytes by a replication competent recombinant VSV virus that expresses EBOV glycoprotein (EBOV-GP/rVSV). While EBOV-GP/rVSV infection of adipocytes caused a robust induction of interferon responsive genes, EBOV infection resulted in modest upregulation of these genes. However, both EBOV-GP/rVSV- and EBOV induced comparable and significant induction of the proinflammatory genes CXCL8, IL6, CCL2, and F3 (Tissue Factor). Our results suggest that adipocytes in adipose tissue may contribute to the inflammatory response and coagulopathy that occur during EBOV pathogenesis. •Ebola virus can infect differentiated human adipocytes.•Inhibitors of macropinocytosis or clathrin-dependent endocytosis inhibit Ebola virus GP-mediated infection of human adipocytes.•Infection of human adipocytes by Ebola virus elicits a proinflammatory response that includes transcriptional upregulation of cytokine, chemokine, and coagulation factor gene, all of which could contribute to pathogenesis.

Details

Title: Subtitle: Adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola Virus infection
Creators: Francoise A. Gourronc - University of Iowa
Michael Rebagliati - University of Iowa
Breanna Kramer-Riesberg - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, USA
Anthony M. Fleck - University of Iowa
Justin J. Patten - Boston University
Kathleen Geohegan-Barek - Boston University
Kelly N. Messingham - University of Iowa
Robert A. Davey - Boston University
Wendy Maury - University of Iowa
Aloysius J. Klingelhutz - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Virology (New York, N.Y.), Vol.573, pp.12-22
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.05.007
PMID: 35690007
PMCID: PMC9413353
NLM abbreviation: Virology
ISSN: 0042-6822
eISSN: 1096-0341
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000060, name: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Language: English
Date published: 05/27/2022
Academic Unit: Dermatology; Microbiology and Immunology; Biology; Radiation Oncology
Record Identifier: 9984265653202771

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