Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity and age-related differences in foot and ankle kinematics during the single-limb heel-rise test

Ruth L Chimenti; Joshua Tome; Cody D Hillin; Adolph S Flemister; Jeff Houck

doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4939

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Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity and age-related differences in foot and ankle kinematics during the single-limb heel-rise test

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity and age-related differences in foot and ankle kinematics during the single-limb heel-rise test

Ruth L Chimenti, Joshua Tome, Cody D Hillin, Adolph S Flemister and Jeff Houck

The journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, Vol.44(4), pp.283-290

04/2014

DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2014.4939

PMID: 24568257

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Abstract

Cross-sectional laboratory study. To compare single-limb heel-rise performance and foot-ankle kinematics between persons with stage 2 adult-acquired flat foot deformity (AAFD) and healthy controls. The inability to perform a single-limb heel rise is considered a positive functional diagnostic test for AAFD. However, which foot motions contribute to poor performance of this task are not known. Fifty individuals participated in this study, 20 with stage 2 AAFD (mean ± SD age, 57.6 ± 11.3 years), and 15 older participants (age, 56.8 ± 5.3 years) and 15 younger participants (age, 22.2 ± 2.4 years) without AAFD as control groups. Forefoot (sagittal plane) and rear foot (sagittal and frontal planes) kinematics were collected using a 3-D motion analysis system. Heel-rise performance (heel height) and kinematics (joint angles, excursions) were evaluated. One-way and 2-way analyses of variance were used to examine differences in heel-rise performance and kinematics between groups. Individuals with AAFD and older controls demonstrated lower heel-rise height than those in the younger control group (P<.001). Persons with AAFD demonstrated higher degrees of first metatarsal dorsiflexion (P<.001), lower ankle plantar flexion (P<.001), and higher subtalar eversion (P = .027) than those in the older control group. Persons with AAFD demonstrated lower ankle excursion (P<.001) and first metatarsal excursion (P<.001) than those in the older control group, but no difference in subtalar excursion (P = .771). Persons with stage 2 AAFD did not achieve sufficient heel height during a single-leg heel rise. Both forefoot and rear foot kinematics in the sagittal plane, as opposed to the frontal plane, contributed to the lower heel height in participants with stage 2 AAFD. Older controls demonstrated lower heel-rise height than younger controls, indicating that clinical expectations of heel-rise performance may need to be adjusted for age.

Age Factors

Cross-Sectional Studies

Humans

Middle Aged

Ankle - physiopathology

Foot - physiopathology

Pronation - physiology

Walking - physiology

Young Adult

Biomechanical Phenomena

Adult

Flatfoot - physiopathology

Aged

Task Performance and Analysis

Flatfoot - diagnosis

Details

Title: Subtitle: Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity and age-related differences in foot and ankle kinematics during the single-limb heel-rise test
Creators: Ruth L Chimenti - School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
Joshua Tome
Cody D Hillin
Adolph S Flemister
Jeff Houck
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, Vol.44(4), pp.283-290
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2014.4939
PMID: 24568257
NLM abbreviation: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther
ISSN: 0190-6011
eISSN: 1938-1344
Language: English
Date published: 04/2014
Academic Unit: Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science
Record Identifier: 9984083270102771

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