Adult outcomes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: are the risks independent or additive?

Tracy D Gunter; Stephan Arndt; Kristin Riggins-Caspers; Gloria Wenman; Remi J Cadoret

doi:10.1080/10401230600948415

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Adult outcomes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: are the risks independent or additive?

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Adult outcomes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: are the risks independent or additive?

Tracy D Gunter, Stephan Arndt, Kristin Riggins-Caspers, Gloria Wenman and Remi J Cadoret

Annals of clinical psychiatry, Vol.18(4), pp.233-237

10/2006

DOI: 10.1080/10401230600948415

PMID: 17162622

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Abstract

Data were obtained from a longitudinal study sample of 754 adoptees and categorized based on review of the available adoption agency, medical, and psychiatric records of the biological parents. Categorical data were analyzed using chi2 or Fisher's exact tests, as appropriate. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the relative contribution of variables. There was not a statistically significant difference in the frequency or type of self-reported adult disruptive behavior, arrests, jail stays, felony arrests, or frequency of conduct disorder (CD) when inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity were analyzed individually. The contributions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were independent and no additional increased risk for future illegal behavior was conferred by the combination of the disorders. While the effect of CD on illegal behavior was correlated with substance abuse and dependence, ADHD continued to be a significant contributor after controlling for substance abuse and dependence. Data indicated that ADHD and CD are related but different disorders conferring risk for adult illegal behavior or arrest. In this sample, inattention was the most common domain impaired among those with ADHD, followed closely by hyperactivity, with impulsivity reported least often among those endorsing symptoms of ADHD.

Adolescent

Adoption - psychology

Adult

Aged

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - genetics

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - psychology

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - psychology

Child

Comorbidity

Conduct Disorder - diagnosis

Conduct Disorder - epidemiology

Conduct Disorder - genetics

Conduct Disorder - psychology

Crime - psychology

Female

Follow-Up Studies

Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics

Genotype

Humans

Male

Middle Aged

Phenotype

Risk Factors

Social Environment

Statistics as Topic

Details

Title: Subtitle: Adult outcomes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: are the risks independent or additive?
Creators: Tracy D Gunter - University of Iowa
Stephan Arndt - University of Iowa
Kristin Riggins-Caspers - University of Iowa
Gloria Wenman - University of Iowa
Remi J Cadoret - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Annals of clinical psychiatry, Vol.18(4), pp.233-237
DOI: 10.1080/10401230600948415
PMID: 17162622
NLM abbreviation: Ann Clin Psychiatry
ISSN: 1040-1237
eISSN: 1547-3325
Grant note: R01 DA005821 / NIDA NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 10/2006
Academic Unit: Psychiatry; Epidemiology; Biostatistics; Nursing; Injury Prevention Research Center
Record Identifier: 9985132078002771

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