Logo image
Aerobic fitness is associated with hippocampal volume in elderly humans
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Aerobic fitness is associated with hippocampal volume in elderly humans

Kirk I Erickson, Ruchika S Prakash, Michelle W Voss, Laura Chaddock, Liang Hu, Katherine S Morris, Siobhan M White, Thomas R Wójcicki, Edward McAuley and Arthur F Kramer
Hippocampus, Vol.19(10), pp.1030-1039
10/2009
DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20547
PMCID: PMC3072565
PMID: 19123237

View Online

Abstract

Deterioration of the hippocampus occurs in elderly individuals with and without dementia, yet individual variation exists in the degree and rate of hippocampal decay. Determining the factors that influence individual variation in the magnitude and rate of hippocampal decay may help promote lifestyle changes that prevent such deterioration from taking place. Aerobic fitness and exercise are effective at preventing cortical decay and cognitive impairment in older adults and epidemiological studies suggest that physical activity can reduce the risk for developing dementia. However, the relationship between aerobic fitness and hippocampal volume in elderly humans is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether individuals with higher levels of aerobic fitness displayed greater volume of the hippocampus and better spatial memory performance than individuals with lower fitness levels. Furthermore, in exploratory analyses, we assessed whether hippocampal volume mediated the relationship between fitness and spatial memory. Using a region-of-interest analysis on magnetic resonance images in 165 nondemented older adults, we found a triple association such that higher fitness levels were associated with larger left and right hippocampi after controlling for age, sex, and years of education, and larger hippocampi and higher fitness levels were correlated with better spatial memory performance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hippocampal volume partially mediated the relationship between higher fitness levels and enhanced spatial memory. Our results clearly indicate that higher levels of aerobic fitness are associated with increased hippocampal volume in older humans, which translates to better memory function.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Exercise Aging Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Humans Memory Middle Aged Organ Size Male Reaction Time Functional Laterality Neuropsychological Tests Aged, 80 and over Space Perception Female Aged Hippocampus - anatomy & histology

Details

Metrics

Logo image