Journal article
Aging affects spatial reconstruction more than spatial pattern separation performance even after extended practice
Hippocampus, Vol.27(6), pp.716-725
06/2017
DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22727
PMID: 28321961
Abstract
Although the hippocampus experiences age-related anatomical and functional deterioration, the effects of aging vary across hippocampal-dependent cognitive processes. In particular, whether or not the hippocampus is known to be required for a spatial memory process is not an accurate predictor on its own of whether aging will affect performance. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to compare the effects of healthy aging on a test of spatial pattern separation and a test of spatial relational processing, which are two aspects of spatial memory that uniquely emphasize the use of multiple hippocampal-dependent processes. Spatial pattern separation supports spatial memory by preserving unique representations for distinct locations. Spatial relational processing forms relational representations of objects to locations or between objects and other objects in space. To test our primary objective, 30 young (18-30 years; 21F) and 30 older participants (60-80 years; 21F) all completed a spatial pattern separation task and a task designed to require spatial relational processing through spatial reconstruction. To ensure aging effects were not due to inadequate time to develop optimal strategies or become comfortable with the testing devices, a subset of participants had extended practice across three sessions on each task. Results showed that older adults performed more poorly than young on the spatial reconstruction task that emphasized the use of spatial relational processing, and that age effects persisted even after controlling for pattern separation performance. Further, older adults performed more poorly on spatial reconstruction than young adults even after three testing sessions each separated by 7-10 days, suggesting effects of aging are resistant to extended practice and likely reflect genuine decline in hippocampal memory abilities.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Aging affects spatial reconstruction more than spatial pattern separation performance even after extended practice
- Creators
- Rachel Clark - Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaAsli C Tahan - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaPatrick D Watson - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, ILJoan Severson - Digital Artefacts, Iowa City, IowaNeal J Cohen - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, ILMichelle Voss - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Hippocampus, Vol.27(6), pp.716-725
- DOI
- 10.1002/hipo.22727
- PMID
- 28321961
- NLM abbreviation
- Hippocampus
- ISSN
- 1050-9631
- eISSN
- 1098-1063
- Publisher
- United States
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 06/2017
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Record Identifier
- 9984002488002771
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