Altered Treg and cytokine responses in RSV-infected infants

Allison F Christiaansen; Muhammad A Syed; Patrick P Ten Eyck; Stacey M Hartwig; Lakshmi Durairaj; Sameer S Kamath; Steven M Varga

doi:10.1038/pr.2016.130

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Altered Treg and cytokine responses in RSV-infected infants

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Altered Treg and cytokine responses in RSV-infected infants

Allison F Christiaansen, Muhammad A Syed, Patrick P Ten Eyck, Stacey M Hartwig, Lakshmi Durairaj, Sameer S Kamath and Steven M Varga

Pediatric research, Vol.80(5), pp.702-709

11/2016

DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.130

PMCID: PMC6215710

PMID: 27486703

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Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children under 1 y of age in the USA. The host immune response is believed to contribute to RSV-induced disease. We hypothesize that severe RSV infection in infants is mediated by insufficient regulation of the host immune response of regulatory T cells (Tregs) resulting in immunopathology. Blood and nasal aspirates from 23 RSV-infected and 17 control infants under 1 y of age were collected. Treg frequencies were determined by flow cytometry from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Analysis of 24 cytokines was measured by multiplex assay on nasal aspirates. We demonstrate that the frequency of activated Tregs is significantly reduced in the peripheral blood of RSV-infected infants compared with age-matched controls. Surprisingly, T helper (Th)17 related cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17A, and IL-23 were associated with a reduction in clinical symptoms of respiratory distress. In addition, the amount of IL-33 protein in nasal washes, a cytokine important in maintaining Treg homeostasis in mucosal tissues, was decreased in RSV-infected children. These results suggest that decreased Treg numbers and an inability to properly control the host inflammatory response results in severe RSV infection.

Interleukin-17 - blood

Humans

Interleukin-23 Subunit p19 - blood

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human

Infant

Male

Pneumonia - virology

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - immunology

Case-Control Studies

Inflammation - blood

Interleukin-1beta - blood

Interleukin-33 - blood

T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology

Nasal Mucosa - immunology

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - blood

Female

Leukocytes, Mononuclear - cytology

Bronchiolitis - virology

Infant, Newborn

Cytokines - blood

Details

Title: Subtitle: Altered Treg and cytokine responses in RSV-infected infants
Creators: Allison F Christiaansen - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Muhammad A Syed - Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Patrick P Ten Eyck - Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Stacey M Hartwig - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Lakshmi Durairaj - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Sameer S Kamath - Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Steven M Varga - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Pediatric research, Vol.80(5), pp.702-709
DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.130
PMID: 27486703
PMCID: PMC6215710
ISSN: 0031-3998
eISSN: 1530-0447
Grant note: U01 HL102288 / NHLBI NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 11/2016
Academic Unit: Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine; Graduate College Admin and Gen; Microbiology and Immunology; Pathology; Biostatistics; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984083870802771

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