Logo image
An epigenetic perspective on the free radical theory of development
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

An epigenetic perspective on the free radical theory of development

Michael J Hitchler and Frederick E Domann
Free radical biology & medicine, Vol.43(7), pp.1023-1036
10/01/2007
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.06.027
PMCID: PMC2981179
PMID: 17761298
url
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.06.027View
Open Access

Abstract

The development of organisms requires concerted changes in gene activity. The free radical theory of development proposes that oxygen serves as a morphogen to educe development by influencing the production of metabolic oxidants such as free radicals and reactive oxygen species. One of the central tenets of this theory is that these metabolic oxidants influence development by altering the antioxidant capacity of cells by changing their production of glutathione (GSH). Here we extend on these principles by linking GSH production and oxygen sensing in the control of gene expression to establish the epigenotype of cells during development. We prescribe this novel role to GSH and oxygen during development because these metabolites influence the activity of enzymes responsible for initiating and perpetuating epigenetic control of gene expression. Increased GSH production influences epigenetic processes including DNA and histone methylation by limiting the availability of S-adenosylmethionine, the cofactor utilized during epigenetic control of gene expression by DNA and histone methyltransferases. Moreover, the recent discovery of histone demethylases that require oxygen as a cofactor directly links epigenetic processes to oxygen gradients during development.
Neoplasms - metabolism DNA Methylation Animals Neoplasms - chemically induced Free Radicals Neoplasms - genetics Oxidation-Reduction Oxidative Stress Epigenesis, Genetic Humans DNA Damage - genetics

Details

Metrics

Logo image