Antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids

Jennifer G Robinson; Neil J Stone

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.12.026

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Antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids

Jennifer G Robinson and Neil J Stone

The American journal of cardiology, Vol.98(4A), pp.39i-49

08/21/2006

DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.12.026

PMID: 16919516

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Abstract

Omega-3 fatty acids from both marine and plant sources have been shown to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease death. Although their beneficial cardiovascular effects are thought to be due to their antiarrhythmic properties, omega-3 fatty acids also have been shown to have a wide range of antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects in animal and human studies. Review of the findings of randomized, controlled trials published through August 2005 shows that omega-3 fatty acids of marine origin consistently lower elevated plasma triglyceride levels in a dose-dependent fashion, with greater efficacy at higher triglyceride levels. Smaller effects on lowering blood pressure, improving endothelial function, and increasing plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also found. No consistent effects on other lipid, hemostatic, inflammatory, glucose tolerance, or plaque stabilization parameters were found. Epidemiologic studies show more consistent reductions in the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke than do the clinical trials of increased omega-3 fatty acid intake, which suggests important confounding factors in observational studies. Ongoing clinical trials may clarify the non-antiarrhythmic benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.

Apolipoproteins - metabolism

Humans

Coronary Artery Disease - prevention & control

Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology

Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects

Apolipoproteins - drug effects

Exercise Tolerance - drug effects

Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Animals

Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology

Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism

Fibrinolytic Agents - therapeutic use

Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects

Lipoproteins - metabolism

Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use

Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - therapeutic use

Blood Pressure - drug effects

Coronary Artery Disease - epidemiology

Fibrinolytic Agents - administration & dosage

Lipoproteins - drug effects

Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - therapeutic use

Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage

Details

Title: Subtitle: Antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids
Creators: Jennifer G Robinson - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. jennifer-g-robinson@uiowa.edu
Neil J Stone
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The American journal of cardiology, Vol.98(4A), pp.39i-49
Publisher: United States
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.12.026
PMID: 16919516
ISSN: 0002-9149
eISSN: 1879-1913
Language: English
Date published: 08/21/2006
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9983995112802771

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