Journal article
Antibacterial Activity of Sphingoid Bases and Fatty Acids against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Vol.56(3), pp.1157-1161
03/2012
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.05151-11
PMCID: PMC3294957
PMID: 22155833
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the role of lipids in innate immunity is more important than previously realized. How lipids interact with bacteria to achieve a level of protection, however, is still poorly understood. To begin to address the mechanisms of antibacterial activity, we determined MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of lipids common to the skin and oral cavity—the sphingoid bases
d
-sphingosine, phytosphingosine, and dihydrosphingosine and the fatty acids sapienic acid and lauric acid—against four Gram-negative bacteria and seven Gram-positive bacteria. Exact Kruskal-Wallis tests of these values showed differences among lipid treatments (
P
< 0.0001) for each bacterial species except
Serratia marcescens
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
.
d
-Sphingosine (MBC range, 0.3 to 19.6 μg/ml), dihydrosphingosine (MBC range, 0.6 to 39.1 μg/ml), and phytosphingosine (MBC range, 3.3 to 62.5 μg/ml) were active against all bacteria except
S. marcescens
and
P. aeruginosa
(MBC > 500 μg/ml). Sapienic acid (MBC range, 31.3 to 375.0 μg/ml) was active against
Streptococcus sanguinis
,
Streptococcus mitis
, and
Fusobacterium nucleatum
but not active against
Escherichia coli
,
Staphylococcus aureus
,
S. marcescens
,
P. aeruginosa
,
Corynebacterium bovis
,
Corynebacterium striatum
, and
Corynebacterium jeikeium
(MBC > 500 μg/ml). Lauric acid (MBC range, 6.8 to 375.0 μg/ml) was active against all bacteria except
E. coli
,
S. marcescens
, and
P. aeruginosa
(MBC > 500 μg/ml). Complete killing was achieved as early as 0.5 h for some lipids but took as long as 24 h for others. Hence, sphingoid bases and fatty acids have different antibacterial activities and may have potential for prophylactic or therapeutic intervention in infection.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Antibacterial Activity of Sphingoid Bases and Fatty Acids against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Creators
- Carol L Fischer - Dows Institute for Dental ResearchDavid R Drake - Dows Institute for Dental ResearchDeborah V Dawson - Dows Institute for Dental ResearchDerek R Blanchette - Dows Institute for Dental ResearchKim A Brogden - Dows Institute for Dental ResearchPhilip W Wertz - Dows Institute for Dental Research
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Vol.56(3), pp.1157-1161
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology; 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC
- DOI
- 10.1128/AAC.05151-11
- PMID
- 22155833
- PMCID
- PMC3294957
- ISSN
- 0066-4804
- eISSN
- 1098-6596
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/2012
- Academic Unit
- Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine; Endodontics; Biostatistics; Pediatric Dentistry; Dental Research; Periodontics
- Record Identifier
- 9984065977802771
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