Journal article
Anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with long COVID: a retrospective cohort study
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, Vol.274(8), pp.1879-1886
12/2024
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01740-5
PMID: 38231397
Abstract
Patients suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) have a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than the general population. The long-term trajectory of these sequelae is still unfolding. To assess the burden of anxiety and depression among patients presenting to the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (UIHC) post-COVID-19 clinic, we analyzed how patient factors influenced Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores. In this retrospective cohort study, the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaire scores of patients presenting to the UIHC post-COVID clinic between March 2021-February 2022 (N = 455) were compared to the scores of a sample of patients presenting to the general internal medicine (GIM) clinic during the same period (N = 94). Our analysis showed that patients with an absent history of depression on their electronic medical record (EMR) problem list scored significantly higher on the GAD-7 (mean difference -1.62, 95% CI -3.12 to -0.12, p = 0.034) and PHQ-9 (mean difference -4.45, 95% CI -5.53 to -3.37, p < 0.001) questionnaires compared to their similar counterparts in the GIM clinic. On the other hand, patients with an absent history of anxiety on their EMR problem list scored significantly higher on the GAD-7 (mean difference -2.90, 95% CI -4.0 to -1.80, p < 0.001) but not on the PHQ-9 questionnaire (p = 0.196). Overall, patients with PASC may have experienced a heavier burden of newly manifest anxiety and depression symptoms compared to patients seen in the GIM clinic. This suggests that the mental health impacts of PASC may be more pronounced in patients with no prior history of anxiety or depression.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with long COVID: a retrospective cohort study
- Creators
- Michael C Sauer - University of IowaPatrick B Barlow - University of IowaAlejandro P Comellas - University of IowaAlpana Garg - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, Vol.274(8), pp.1879-1886
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00406-023-01740-5
- PMID
- 38231397
- eISSN
- 1433-8491
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 01/17/2024
- Date published
- 12/2024
- Academic Unit
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine; ICTS; Center for Social Science Innovation; Office of Consultation and Research in Medical Education; General Internal Medicine; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984548297502771
Metrics
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