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Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without hypertension or diabetes
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without hypertension or diabetes

Sae Young Jae, Kyung Hyun Lee, Hyun Jeong Kim, Setor K Kunutsor, Gary L Pierce, Stanley Sai-Chuen Hui and Mira Kang
American journal of hypertension, Vol.38(1), pp.46-54
12/16/2024
DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpae124
PMID: 39306668

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can modify the trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without hypertension (HTN) or diabetes.BACKGROUNDThis study aimed to investigate whether higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can modify the trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without hypertension (HTN) or diabetes.The study included 4,935 participants who underwent maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing with respiratory gas analysis in a health screening program. CRF was directly measured using peak oxygen uptake during the cardiopulmonary exercise test, while arterial stiffness was evaluated using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).METHODSThe study included 4,935 participants who underwent maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing with respiratory gas analysis in a health screening program. CRF was directly measured using peak oxygen uptake during the cardiopulmonary exercise test, while arterial stiffness was evaluated using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Participants with high CRF levels had significantly lower baPWV compared to those with low CRF levels, regardless of HTN or diabetes status (p<0.05). The trend of baPWV increased with age, but the rate of age-related increase in baPWV was lower in individuals with moderate to high CRF levels compared to those with low CRF levels, regardless of HTN or diabetes status. Joint association analysis indicated that the trend of age-related increase in baPWV was the lowest in fit individuals without HTN or diabetes compared to unfit individuals with HTN or diabetes (p<0.01). However, the trend of age-related increase in baPWV was not attenuated in fit with HTN or diabetes compared to unfit with HTN or diabetes.RESULTSParticipants with high CRF levels had significantly lower baPWV compared to those with low CRF levels, regardless of HTN or diabetes status (p<0.05). The trend of baPWV increased with age, but the rate of age-related increase in baPWV was lower in individuals with moderate to high CRF levels compared to those with low CRF levels, regardless of HTN or diabetes status. Joint association analysis indicated that the trend of age-related increase in baPWV was the lowest in fit individuals without HTN or diabetes compared to unfit individuals with HTN or diabetes (p<0.01). However, the trend of age-related increase in baPWV was not attenuated in fit with HTN or diabetes compared to unfit with HTN or diabetes.These findings suggest that higher CRF levels may mitigate the trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without HTN or diabetes. However, this attenuating trend appears more pronounced in individuals without HTN or diabetes.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that higher CRF levels may mitigate the trend of age-related rise in arterial stiffness in individuals with and without HTN or diabetes. However, this attenuating trend appears more pronounced in individuals without HTN or diabetes.
 arterial stiffness blood pressure cardiorespiratory fitness diabetes hypertension

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