Association of cerebral palsy with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a large-scale nationwide population-based study

Qiang Chen; Mingwu Chen; Wei Bao; Lane Strathearn; Xiaodong Zang; Lun Meng; Guifeng Xu

doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002343

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Association of cerebral palsy with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a large-scale nationwide population-based study

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Association of cerebral palsy with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a large-scale nationwide population-based study

Qiang Chen, Mingwu Chen, Wei Bao, Lane Strathearn, Xiaodong Zang, Lun Meng and Guifeng Xu

BMJ paediatrics open, Vol.8(1), e002343

04/09/2024

DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002343

PMCID: PMC11015243

PMID: 38594193

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Abstract

ObjectiveTo examine the association of cerebral palsy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), providing evidence for interdisciplinary medical service for children with cerebral palsy.DesignA large-scale nationwide population-based study.SettingThe National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).Patients177 899 children aged 3–17 years among NHIS participants from 1997 to 2003 and 2008 to 2018.ResultsAmong the 177 899 children included in this analysis, 602 (0.33%) had cerebral palsy, 1997 (1.16%) had ASD, and 13 697 (7.91%) had ADHD. Compared with children without cerebral palsy, children with cerebral palsy had a higher prevalence of ASD (6.09% vs 1.15%; p<0.001) and ADHD (15.91% vs 7.89%; p<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, family highest education level, family income level and geographical region, the OR among children with cerebral palsy, compared with children without cerebral palsy, was 5.07 (95% CI 3.25 to 7.91) for ASD (p<0.001) and 1.95 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.66) for ADHD (p<0.001). Furthermore, the association of cerebral palsy with ASD and ADHD remained significant in all subgroups stratified by age, sex and race.ConclusionIn a large, nationally representative sample of US children, this study shows that children with cerebral palsy are at an increased risk of ASD and ADHD.

Epidemiology

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Title: Subtitle: Association of cerebral palsy with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a large-scale nationwide population-based study
Creators: Qiang Chen - Zhuhai People's Hospital
Mingwu Chen - University of Science and Technology of China
Wei Bao - University of Science and Technology of China
Lane Strathearn - University of Iowa
Xiaodong Zang - University of Science and Technology of China
Lun Meng - University of Science and Technology of China
Guifeng Xu - University of Science and Technology of China
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: BMJ paediatrics open, Vol.8(1), e002343
DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002343
PMID: 38594193
PMCID: PMC11015243
NLM abbreviation: BMJ Paediatr Open
eISSN: 2399-9772
Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Language: English
Date published: 04/09/2024
Academic Unit: Psychiatry; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics; Neuroscience and Pharmacology
Record Identifier: 9984585057302771

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