Journal article
Associations between Environmental Exposures and Incident Colorectal Cancer by ESR2 Protein Expression Level in a Population-Based Cohort of Older Women
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, Vol.24(4), pp.713-719
04/2015
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0756
PMCID: PMC4383694
PMID: 25650184
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (smoking), hormone therapy (MHT), and folate intake (folate) are each thought to influence colorectal cancer risk, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Expression of estrogen receptor β (ESR2) has been associated with colorectal cancer stage and survival.
In this prospective cohort study, we examined smoking, MHT, and folate-associated colorectal cancer risks by ESR2 protein expression level among participants in the Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). Self-reported exposure variables were assessed at baseline. Archived, paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer tissue specimens were collected and evaluated for ESR2 protein expression by IHC. Multivariate Cox regression models were fit to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between smoking, MHT, or folate and ESR2-defined colorectal cancer subtypes.
Informative environmental exposure and protein expression data were available for 491 incident colorectal cancer cases. Positive associations between ESR2-low and -high tumors and several smoking-related variables were noted, most prominently with average number of cigarettes per day (RR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.81-9.91 for ESR2-low and RR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.05-4.41 for ESR2-high for ≥40 cigarettes compared with nonsmokers). For MHT, a statistically significant association with ESR2-low tumors was observed with longer duration of exposure (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.26-1.13 for >5 years compared with never use). No associations were found for folate.
In this study, smoking and MHT were associated with ESR2 expression patterns.
These data support possible heterogeneous effects from smoking and MHT on ERβ-related pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis in older women.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Associations between Environmental Exposures and Incident Colorectal Cancer by ESR2 Protein Expression Level in a Population-Based Cohort of Older Women
- Creators
- Lori S Tillmans - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaRobert A Vierkant - Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaAlice H Wang - Mayo ClinicNiloy Jewel Samadder - University of UtahCharles F Lynch - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaKristin E Anderson - Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MinnesotaAmy J French - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaRobert W Haile - Stanford Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, CaliforniaLisa J Harnack - Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MinnesotaJohn D Potter - Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WashingtonSusan L Slager - Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaThomas C Smyrk - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaStephen N Thibodeau - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaJames R Cerhan - Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MinnesotaPaul J Limburg - Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. limburg.paul@mayo.edu
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, Vol.24(4), pp.713-719
- Publisher
- United States
- DOI
- 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0756
- PMID
- 25650184
- PMCID
- PMC4383694
- ISSN
- 1055-9965
- eISSN
- 1538-7755
- Grant note
- P30 ES005605 / NIEHS NIH HHS CA107333 / NCI NIH HHS R01 CA107333 / NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000032C / NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000032C / PHS HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 04/2015
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology
- Record Identifier
- 9983996077102771
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