Logo image
BMI modifies the association between dietary intake and serum levels of PCBs
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

BMI modifies the association between dietary intake and serum levels of PCBs

Tuo Lan, Buyun Liu, Wei Bao and Peter S Thorne
Environment international, Vol.156, pp.106626-106626
11/2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106626
PMCID: PMC8910784
PMID: 34034117
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106626View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

•This is the first U.S. nationally representative estimate of dietary PCB exposure.•We found positive associations between dietary intakes and serum levels of PCBs.•This association was strongest among normal weight individuals.•Among overweight and obese individuals, no such association was observed. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants that are carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disrupting in humans. Although diet is the primary source of exposure, there is no consensus on the association between dietary intake and serum PCBs. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) – with its inverse association with serum PCBs – may play a role in the association, which has never been studied. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between dietary intake and serum levels of PCBs, and whether the association was modified by BMI. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004, including 1531 participants. We estimated dietary intake of PCBs using the 24-hour diet recall, USDA Food Composition Intake Database, and PCB content in foods from the Canada Total Diet Study. Serum PCBs were measured by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS). We used linear regression to examine the associations of dietary PCB intake with serum levels of seven PCB congeners and six PCB metrics. Further, we explored the role of BMI in the associations. We found that participants who were older and non-Hispanic tended to have a higher serum level of ∑37-PCB. In addition, we observed positive associations between dietary intake and serum PCBs for: PCB 105, 118, 126, 138 + 158, and 153 (P value ranges 0.005–0.03); seven PCB indicators (P value = 0.03) and the sum of 37 PCBs (P value = 0.04). Furthermore, we observed an effect modification by BMI (P for interaction = 0.01 for ∑37-PCBs), with stronger associations in underweight or normal-weight individuals, and no association in overweight and obese individuals. In conclusion, within a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of the US population, dietary PCB intake was positively associated with serum PCBs and the association was modified by BMI. Additional studies are warranted to replicate and confirm this effect modification.
Polychlorinated biphenyls Body mass index Serum Diet Persistent organic pollutants ISRP Project 3 2020-2025

Details

Metrics

Logo image