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Benchmarks for time-domain simulation of sound propagation in soft-walled airways: Steady configurations
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Benchmarks for time-domain simulation of sound propagation in soft-walled airways: Steady configurations

Ingo R. Titze, Anil Palaparthi and Simeon L. Smith
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol.136(6), pp.3249-3261
12/01/2014
DOI: 10.1121/1.4900563
PMCID: PMC4257962
PMID: 25480071

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Abstract

Time-domain computer simulation of sound production in airways is a widely used tool, both for research and synthetic speech production technology. Speed of computation is generally the rationale for one-dimensional approaches to sound propagation and radiation. Transmission line and wave-reflection (scattering) algorithms are used to produce formant frequencies and bandwidths for arbitrarily shaped airways. Some benchmark graphs and tables are provided for formant frequencies and bandwidth calculations based on specific mathematical terms in the one-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation. Some rules are provided here for temporal and spatial discretization in terms of desired accuracy and stability of the solution. Kinetic losses, which have been difficult to quantify in frequency-domain simulations, are quantified here on the basis of the measurements of Scherer, Torkaman, Kucinschi, and Afjeh [(2010). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128(2), 828-838]. (C) 2014 Acoustical Society of America.
Acoustics Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Science & Technology Technology

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