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Bias-Corrected Nonlinear Investment- q Relation in the Cross Section of Firms
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Bias-Corrected Nonlinear Investment- q Relation in the Cross Section of Firms

Suyong Song and Hyunbok Wee
The Review of Corporate Finance Studies
04/17/2026
DOI: 10.1093/rcfs/cfag010

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Abstract

We study a nonlinear relationship between corporate investment and Tobin’s q in the cross section of firms. After correcting for nonlinear errors using a repeated measurement of q derived from analysts’ forecasts, we find evidence of varying investment-q sensitivity across firms. The investment-q sensitivity is low for firms with low q. It then becomes more pronounced at intermediate values before weakening at high values of q, resulting in an S-shaped pattern. In the cross section, the true investment-q relation is therefore not strictly linear. Firm investment is predicted to remain similar among firms with low q, suggesting that increases in q do not necessarily lead firms to increase investment significantly. (JEL C21, C26, E22, G31)

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